Nokea
The cervix is:
- A. An elastic, muscular tube that connects the cervix to the uterus to the exterior of the body
- B. A collective name for the labia
- C. Connected to the testes
- D. The lower, narrow part of the uterus (womb), forming a canal that opens into the vagina, which leads to the outside of the body
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The cervix is the lower portion of the uterus that connects to the vagina, serving as a passageway for sperm, menstrual flow, and childbirth.
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Which physiologic findings related to gallbladder function may lead to the development of gallstones during pregnancy?
- A. Decrease in alkaline phosphatase levels compared with nonpregnant women
- B. Increase in albumin and total protein as a result of hemodilution
- C. Hypertonicity of gallbladder tissue
- D. Prolonged emptying time
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Prolonged emptying time. During pregnancy, hormonal changes can lead to gallbladder stasis, causing bile to become concentrated and leading to the formation of gallstones. Prolonged emptying time indicates poor gallbladder motility, increasing the risk of gallstone formation.
A: Decrease in alkaline phosphatase levels is not directly related to gallstone formation during pregnancy.
B: Increase in albumin and total protein is a common finding in pregnancy due to hemodilution, but it is not directly linked to gallstone development.
C: Hypertonicity of gallbladder tissue is not a typical physiologic finding related to gallbladder function during pregnancy and is not a known risk factor for gallstone formation.
A woman is at 14 weeks of gestation. The nurse would expect to palpate the fundus at which level?
- A. Not palpable above the symphysis at this time
- B. Slightly above the symphysis pubis
- C. At the level of the umbilicus
- D. Slightly above the umbilicus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: At 14 weeks, the fundus is typically palpable slightly above the symphysis pubis. It reaches the umbilicus around 20-22 weeks.
Which finding in the urine analysis of a pregnant woman is considered a variation of normal?
- A. Proteinuria
- B. Glycosuria
- C. Bacteria in the urine
- D. Ketones in the urine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Glycosuria. In pregnant women, glycosuria is considered a variation of normal due to the hormonal changes affecting glucose metabolism. During pregnancy, the renal threshold for glucose is lowered, leading to glucose spillage in urine without significant pathology. Proteinuria (A) can indicate kidney damage. Bacteria in the urine (C) suggest a possible urinary tract infection. Ketones in the urine (D) may indicate a metabolic disorder or inadequate carbohydrate intake. Glycosuria in pregnancy is a physiological adaptation and not necessarily a cause for concern.
A first-time mother at 18 weeks of gestation comes for her regularly scheduled prenatal visit. The patient tells the nurse that she is afraid that she is going into premature labor because she is beginning to have regular contractions. The nurse explains that this is the Braxton Hicks sign and teaches the patient that this type of contraction:
- A. is painless
- B. increases with walking
- C. causes cervical dilation
- D. impedes oxygen flow to the fetus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Braxton Hicks contractions are regular, painless, and do not cause cervical dilation or impede oxygen flow. They may cease with activity like walking.
The nurse is educating a client about varicosities during pregnancy. Which statement by the client indicates effective teaching?
- A. I need to wear knee-high hose every day to increase my leg circulation.
- B. When I sit at my desk, both of my feet should be resting on the floor.
- C. I should perform Kegel exercises twice a day.
- D. I should call the physician if I do not feel my baby move.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because when sitting with both feet on the floor, it promotes proper circulation and reduces the risk of developing varicose veins. Elevating legs and avoiding crossing them also help. Choice A is incorrect as knee-high hose may constrict circulation. Choice C is irrelevant to varicosities. Choice D is important for monitoring fetal health but not directly related to varicose veins.