Nokea
The client asks the clinic nurse if he should take 2,000 mg of vitamin C a day to prevent getting a cold. On which scientific rationale should the nurse base the response?
- A. Vitamin C in this dosage will help cure the common cold.
- B. This vitamin must be taken with echinacea to be effective.
- C. This dose of vitamin C is not high enough to help prevent colds.
- D. Megadoses of vitamin C may cause crystals to form in the urine.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Megadoses of vitamin C (>2,000 mg/day) can lead to oxalate crystal formation in urine, increasing kidney stone risk. Evidence for cold prevention is weak, and echinacea or higher doses are not supported.
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The client in the emergency department requires sutures for a laceration on the left leg. Which information is most pertinent prior to suturing the wound?
- A. The client tells the nurse she has never had sutures.
- B. The spouse refuses to leave the room during suturing.
- C. The client shares she is scared of needles.
- D. The client reports hives after having dental surgery.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hives post-dental surgery suggest a possible local anesthetic allergy, critical to know before suturing to avoid anaphylaxis.
The client is receiving a loop diuretic for congestive heart failure. Which medication would the nurse expect the client to be receiving while taking this medication?
- A. A potassium supplement.
- B. A cardiac glycoside.
- C. An ACE inhibitor.
- D. A potassium cation.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Loop diuretics like furosemide cause potassium loss; supplements prevent hypokalemia, a common need in CHF.
Ear drops have been ordered for a 10-month-old child. How should the nurse teach the mother to pull the baby's ear to straighten the ear canal?
- A. Down and back
- B. Down and forward
- C. Up and forward
- D. Up and back
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In children under 3, pulling the ear down and back straightens the ear canal for proper ear drop administration.
A 5 year-old has been rushed to the emergency room several hours after acetaminophen poisoning. Which laboratory result should receive attention by the nurse?
- A. Sedimentation rate
- B. Profile 2
- C. Bilirubin
- D. Neutrophils
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bilirubin. Bilirubin, along with liver enzymes ALT and AST, may rise in the second stage (1-3 days) after a significant overdose, indicating cellular necrosis and liver dysfunction.
The nurse is preparing to administer Synthroid, a thyroid hormone replacement, to the client diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Which assessment data would indicate the client is receiving too much medication?
- A. Bradypnea and weight gain.
- B. Lethargy and hypotension.
- C. Irritability and tachycardia.
- D. Normothermia and constipation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Excess Synthroid causes hyperthyroidism symptoms like irritability and tachycardia. Bradypnea, lethargy, or constipation suggest hypothyroidism.