Nokea
The client complains of leg cramps at night. Which medication should the nurse anticipate the HCP ordering to help relieve the leg cramps?
- A. Quinine, an antimalarial.
- B. Soma, a muscle relaxant.
- C. Ambien, a sedative-hypnotic.
- D. Darvon, an opioid analgesic.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Quinine is historically used for nocturnal leg cramps, though off-label due to risks. Muscle relaxants, sedatives, or opioids are less specific.
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An 80 year-old client is admitted with a diagnosis of malnutrition. In addition to physical assessments, which of the following lab tests should be closely monitored?
- A. Urine protein
- B. Urine creatinine
- C. Serum calcium
- D. Serum albumin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Serum albumin. Serum albumin is a valuable indicator of protein deficiency and, later, nutritional status in adults. A normal reading for an elder's serum albumin is between 3.0-5.0 g/dl.
A young adult, 20 years old, who is hospitalized for the first time with schizophrenia, is receiving chlorpromazine (Thorazine) 75 mg PO tid. The client is to go home for a weekend pass. Which statement that the client makes indicates a need for nursing intervention?
- A. I won't drink any alcohol this weekend.
- B. It will be good to taste home-cooked food again.
- C. We plan to go dancing.
- D. I'm looking forward to a relaxing weekend at the beach.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chlorpromazine causes orthostatic hypotension and photosensitivity. Dancing may exacerbate hypotension, requiring caution and education.
The client is showing ventricular ectopy, and the HCP orders amiodarone (Cordarone) intravenously. Which interventions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply.
- A. Monitor telemetry continuously.
- B. Assess the client's respiratory status.
- C. Evaluate the client's liver function studies.
- D. Confirm the original order with another nurse.
- E. Prepare to defibrillate the client at 200 joules.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Telemetry monitors dysrhythmias, respiratory status tracks amiodarone’s pulmonary toxicity risk, and liver studies monitor hepatotoxicity. Order confirmation is unnecessary, and defibrillation is unrelated.
The client diagnosed with asthma is prescribed the mast cell inhibitor cromolyn. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
- A. I will take two puffs of my inhaler before I exercise.
- B. I will rinse my mouth with water after taking the medication.
- C. After inhaling the medication, I will hold my breath for 10 seconds.
- D. When I start to wheeze, I will use my inhaler immediately.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cromolyn is a prophylactic, not rescue, medication for asthma; using it during wheezing indicates misunderstanding. Pre-exercise use, breath-holding, and rinsing (though less critical) are correct.
You are caring for a hypertensive client with a new order for captopril (Capoten). Which information should the nurse include in client teaching?
- A. Avoid green leafy vegetables
- B. Restrict fluids to 1000 cc/day
- C. Avoid the use of salt substitutes
- D. Take the medication with meals
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoid the use of salt substitutes. Captopril can cause an accumulation of potassium or hyperkalemia. Clients should avoid the use of salt substitutes, which are generally potassium-based.