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The client diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis is concerned about pain control. The nurse explains that the initial plan for chronic pancreatic pain control involves the administration of which of the following?
- A. Opioid analgesics, such as morphine sulfate
- B. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- C. Pancreatic enzymes with H2 blocker medications
- D. Injection of medication directly into the nerves
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. Opioid analgesics may be prescribed if pancreatic enzymes do not relieve pain. B. NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen, may be used to treat chronic pancreatic pain, but they are not the initial treatment and are usually not sufficient to control the pain. C. The initial pain control measures include exogenous pancreatic enzymes because pancreatic stimulation by food is thought to cause pain. Pancreatic enzymes are coupled with H2 blockers, which block the action of histamine on parietal cells in the stomach. H2 blockers are used because gastric acid destroys the lipase needed to break down fats. D. A nerve block relieves pain in about 50 percent of people who undergo the procedure, but this is not the initial measure for pain control.
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Which specific data should the nurse obtain from the client who is suspected of having peptic ulcer disease?
- A. History of side effects experienced from all medications.
- B. Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
- C. Any known allergies to drugs and environmental factors.
- D. Medical histories of at least three (3) generations.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: NSAID use is a major risk factor for peptic ulcer disease, as these drugs can erode the gastric mucosa. While medication side effects and allergies are relevant, they are less specific, and family history is not a priority in this context.
The client is being admitted to the outpatient psychiatric clinic diagnosed with bulimia. Which question should the nurse ask to identify behaviors suggesting bulimia?
- A. When was the last time you exercised?
- B. What over-the-counter medications do you take?
- C. How long have you had a positive self-image?
- D. Do you eat a lot of high-fiber foods for bowel movements?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asking about OTC medications identifies purging behaviors (e.g., laxatives, diuretics) common in bulimia. Exercise, self-image, and fiber intake are less specific.
The client two (2) hours postoperative laparoscopic cholecystectomy is complaining of severe pain in the right shoulder. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Apply a heating pad to the abdomen for 15 to 20 minutes.
- B. Administer morphine sulfate intravenously after diluting with saline.
- C. Contact the surgeon for an order to x-ray the right shoulder.
- D. Apply a sling to the right arm, which was injured during surgery.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Right shoulder pain post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy is often referred pain from CO2 used in the procedure irritating the diaphragm. IV morphine relieves pain effectively. Heating pads, x-rays, or slings are inappropriate.
The occupational health nurse is preparing a presentation to a group of factory workers about preventing colon cancer. Which information should be included in the presentation?
- A. Wear a high-filtration mask when around chemicals.
- B. Eat several servings of cruciferous vegetables daily.
- C. Take a multiple vitamin every day.
- D. Do not engage in high-risk sexual behaviors.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cruciferous vegetables (e.g., broccoli, cauliflower) are high in fiber and antioxidants, which may reduce colon cancer risk. Masks, vitamins, and sexual behaviors are less directly linked to colon cancer prevention.
The emergency department nurse is working in a community hospital. During the past two (2) hours, 15 clients have been admitted with Salmonella food poisoning. Which information should the nurse discuss with the clients?
- A. Explain the incubation period is 48 to 72 hours.
- B. Explain the source of this poisoning is contaminated water.
- C. Explain the sources of contamination are eggs and chicken.
- D. Explain the bacterial contaminant came from canned foods.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Salmonella is commonly associated with undercooked eggs and poultry, making this the most accurate information. Incubation is 6–72 hours, water is less common, and canned foods are linked to botulism.