Nokea
The client diagnosed with essential hypertension calls the clinic and tells the nurse she needs something for the flu. Which information should the nurse tell the client?
- A. OTC medications for the flu should not be taken because of your hypertension.
- B. If OTC medications do not relieve symptoms within three (3) days, contact the HCP.
- C. Tell the client to ask the pharmacist to recommend an OTC medication for the flu.
- D. Make an appointment for the client to receive the influenza vaccine.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: OTC flu medications (e.g., decongestants) may raise BP but can be used cautiously; persistent symptoms warrant HCP contact. Total avoidance, pharmacist reliance, or vaccines are less appropriate.
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An adult client has rheumatoid arthritis. Aspirin 975 mg q4h PRN is ordered for pain. At 2:00 P.M., the client requests pain medication. Aspirin was last given at 9:30 A.M. What is the most appropriate initial action for the nurse to take?
- A. Give the aspirin as ordered
- B. Question the order because it is a higher than normal dosage
- C. Attempt to divert the client's attention from the pain
- D. Assess the nature of the pain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The time since the last dose (4.5 hours) is within the q4h PRN order, and 975 mg is a standard high dose for rheumatoid arthritis.
The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving procainamide (Pronestyl) intravenously. It is important for the nurse to monitor which of the following parameters?
- A. Hourly urinary output
- B. Serum potassium levels
- C. Continuous EKG readings
- D. Neurological signs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Continuous EKG readings. Procainamide (Pronestyl) is used to suppress cardiac arrhythmias. When administered intravenously, it must be accompanied by continuous cardiac monitoring by ECG.
Which of the following persons would be least likely to receive tetracycline?
- A. An adolescent with acne
- B. A woman with chlamydia who is seven months pregnant
- C. A 10-year-old child with Rocky Mountain spotted fever
- D. A 32-year-old man with walking pneumonia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tetracycline can damage developing teeth in fetuses and children under 8, making the pregnant woman least likely to receive it.
The client has the following arterial blood gases: pH 7.19, Paco2 33, Pao2 95, and HCO3 19. Which medication would the nurse prepare to administer based on the results?
- A. Intravenous sodium bicarbonate.
- B. Oxygen via nasal cannula.
- C. Epinephrine intravenous push.
- D. Magnesium hydroxide orally.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metabolic acidosis (low pH, low HCO3) requires sodium bicarbonate to correct pH. Oxygen, epinephrine, or antacids are inappropriate.
The elderly client is in a long-term care facility. If the client does not have a daily bowel movement in the morning, he requests a cathartic, bisacodyl (Dulcolax). Which action is most important for the nurse to take?
- A. Ensure the client gets a cathartic daily.
- B. Discuss the complications of a daily cathartic.
- C. Encourage the client to increase fiber in the diet.
- D. Refuse to administer the medication to the client.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Daily cathartics risk dependence and electrolyte imbalance; discussing complications educates and promotes safer alternatives like fiber.