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The client diagnosed with gastroenteritis is being discharged from the emergency department. Which intervention should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
- A. If diarrhea persists for more than 96 hours, contact the health-care provider.
- B. Instruct the client to wash hands thoroughly before handling any type of food.
- C. Explain the importance of decreasing steroids gradually as instructed.
- D. Discuss how to collect all stool samples for the next 24 hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Handwashing prevents the spread of gastroenteritis, a key discharge teaching point. Persistent diarrhea is concerning but less specific, steroids are irrelevant, and stool collection is not routine.
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Which outcome should the nurse identify for the client diagnosed with aphthous stomatitis?
- A. The client will be able to cope with perceived stress.
- B. The client will consume a balanced diet.
- C. The client will deny any difficulty swallowing.
- D. The client will take antacids as prescribed.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aphthous stomatitis (canker sores) can cause painful swallowing, so denying difficulty swallowing is a key outcome. Stress coping and diet are secondary, and antacids are irrelevant.
The nurse is caring for the client diagnosed with hemorrhoids. Which statement indicates further teaching is needed?
- A. I should increase fruits, bran, and fluids in my diet.
- B. I will use warm compresses and take sitz baths daily.
- C. I must take a laxative every night and have a stool daily.
- D. I can use an analgesic ointment or suppository for pain.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Daily laxatives are not necessary and may cause dependency; hemorrhoid management focuses on diet and symptom relief. Increased fiber/fluids, sitz baths, and analgesics are correct.
The client has dark, watery, and shiny-appearing stool. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
- A. Check for a fecal impaction.
- B. Encourage the client to drink fluids.
- C. Check the chart for sodium and potassium levels.
- D. Apply a protective barrier cream to the perianal area.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dark, watery stool risks perianal skin breakdown, so applying a barrier cream is the first intervention. Impaction is unlikely, fluids are secondary, and labs follow assessment.
The public health nurse is teaching day-care workers. Which type of hepatitis is transmitted by the fecal-oral route via contaminated food, water, or direct contact with an infected person?
- A. Hepatitis A.
- B. Hepatitis B.
- C. Hepatitis C.
- D. Hepatitis D.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hepatitis A is transmitted via the fecal-oral route through contaminated food, water, or contact, common in settings like daycares. Other types are bloodborne or require co-infection.
The client who has had an abdominal perineal resection is being discharged. Which discharge information should the nurse teach?
- A. The stoma should be a white, blue, or purple color.
- B. Limit ambulation to prevent the pouch from coming off.
- C. Take pain medication when the pain level is at an '8.'
- D. Empty the pouch when it is one-third to one-half full.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Emptying the pouch when one-third to one-half full prevents leaks and skin irritation. A healthy stoma is pink/moist, ambulation is encouraged, and pain medication should be taken before pain becomes severe.