Nokea
The client has been prescribed atorvastatin (Lipitor) for hyperlipidemia. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client?
- A. Take the medication in the morning with breakfast.
- B. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking this medication.
- C. Increase your intake of dietary fiber while on this medication.
- D. Avoid eating foods high in potassium.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to provide to the client prescribed atorvastatin (Lipitor) for hyperlipidemia is to avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking this medication. Grapefruit juice can interfere with the metabolism of atorvastatin, leading to an increased risk of side effects. It is crucial for the client to adhere to this instruction to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the treatment. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because taking the medication with breakfast, increasing dietary fiber intake, and avoiding foods high in potassium are not specific instructions related to atorvastatin therapy for hyperlipidemia.
You may also like to solve these questions
Over-the-counter drugs that are safe to use include:
- A. Acetaminophen
- B. Aspirin
- C. Ibuprofen
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Choice D is correct because acetaminophen, aspirin, and ibuprofen are safe OTC options for pain/fever when used per guidelines, with well-established profiles. Choice A is incorrect alone as it's one drug. Choice B is wrong by itself because aspirin is just part. Choice C is incorrect solo since ibuprofen is only one option.
Phase IV clinical trials in the United States are also known as:
- A. Human bioavailability trials
- B. Post marketing research
- C. Human safety and efficacy studies
- D. The last stage of animal trials before the human trials begin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choice B is correct because phase IV trials occur after drug approval, monitoring long-term effects and safety in the general population, known as post-marketing research. Choice A is incorrect as bioavailability is studied earlier, like phase I. Choice C is wrong because safety and efficacy are pre-approval (phases I-III). Choice D is incorrect since phase IV isn't animal-based—it's post-approval human study.
When determining drug treatment, the NP prescriber should:
- A. Always use evidence-based guidelines
- B. Individualize the drug choice for the specific patient
- C. Rely on his or her experience when prescribing for complex patients
- D. Use the newest drug on the market for the condition being treated
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choice B is correct because tailoring treatment to the patient's unique factors—age, comorbidities, preferences—optimizes efficacy and safety. Choice A is incorrect as guidelines inform but don't dictate every case. Choice C is wrong because experience alone may lack evidence support. Choice D is incorrect since newest drugs aren't always best—evidence and patient fit matter more.
A client with a history of heart failure is being discharged with a prescription for digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse should include which instruction in the discharge teaching?
- A. Take your pulse before each dose and hold the medication if your pulse is below 60 beats per minute.
- B. Increase your fluid intake to at least 3 liters per day.
- C. Report any weight loss of more than 2 pounds in a week.
- D. Take the medication with meals to avoid gastrointestinal upset.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction for discharge teaching regarding digoxin (Lanoxin) is to advise the client to take their pulse before each dose and to hold the medication if their pulse is below 60 beats per minute. Digoxin can cause bradycardia, so monitoring the pulse is crucial to prevent potential complications. Choice B is incorrect because excessive fluid intake can lead to fluid overload, worsening heart failure. Choice C is not directly related to digoxin therapy. Choice D is inaccurate as digoxin is usually taken on an empty stomach to facilitate absorption.
Which of the following patients would be at higher risk of experiencing adverse drug reactions (ADRs):
- A. A 32-year-old male
- B. A 22-year-old female
- C. A 3-month-old female
- D. A 48-year-old male
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Choice C is correct because a 3-month-old female is at higher risk for ADRs due to immature liver and kidney function, reducing drug metabolism and excretion, increasing toxicity potential. Choice A is incorrect as a healthy 32-year-old male typically has mature systems. Choice B is wrong because a 22-year-old female also has developed metabolism. Choice D is incorrect since a 48-year-old male, unless compromised, has lower risk than an infant.