Nokea
The client is diagnosed with Crohn's disease, also known as regional enteritis. Which statement by the client supports this diagnosis?
- A. My pain goes away when I have a bowel movement.
- B. I have bright red blood in my stool all the time.
- C. I have episodes of diarrhea and constipation.
- D. My abdomen is hard and rigid and I have a fever.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Crohn's disease often causes alternating diarrhea and constipation due to inflammation and strictures throughout the GI tract. Pain relief after bowel movements is less specific, bright red blood is more typical of ulcerative colitis, and a rigid abdomen suggests complications.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is teaching a class on diverticulosis. Which interventions should the nurse discuss when teaching ways to prevent an acute exacerbation of diverticulosis?
- A. Eat a high-fiber diet.
- B. Increase fluid intake.
- C. Elevate the HOB after eating.
- D. Walk 30 minutes a day.
- E. Take an antacid every two (2) hours.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: High-fiber diet, increased fluids, and regular exercise (e.g., walking) prevent constipation and reduce pressure in diverticula, lowering exacerbation risk. Elevating the HOB and antacids are unrelated to diverticulosis prevention.
The nurse identifies the client problem 'excess fluid volume' for the client in liver failure. Which short-term goal would be most appropriate for this problem?
- A. The client will not gain more than two (2) kg a day.
- B. The client will have no increase in abdominal girth.
- C. The client's vital signs will remain within normal limits.
- D. The client will receive a low-sodium diet.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: No increase in abdominal girth indicates stable ascites, directly addressing excess fluid volume. Weight gain limits, vital signs, and diet are related but less specific.
Which disease is the client diagnosed with GERD at greater risk for developing?
- A. Hiatal hernia.
- B. Gastroenteritis.
- C. Esophageal cancer.
- D. Gastric cancer.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic GERD increases the risk of esophageal cancer, particularly adenocarcinoma, due to prolonged acid exposure causing Barrett's esophagus, a precancerous condition. Hiatal hernia is a risk factor for GERD, not a consequence, and gastroenteritis and gastric cancer are less directly linked.
The client with appendicitis asks the nurse for a laxative to help relieve her constipation. The nurse explains to her that laxatives are not given to persons with possible appendicitis. What is the primary reason for this?
- A. Laxatives will decrease the spread of infection.
- B. Laxatives are not given prior to any type of surgery.
- C. The client does not have true constipation. She only has pressure.
- D. Laxatives could cause a rupture of the appendix.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Laxatives increase peristalsis, which could rupture an inflamed appendix, leading to peritonitis.
The nurse working in a skilled nursing facility is collaborating with the dietitian concerning the meals of an immobile client. Which foods are most appropriate for this client?
- A. Oatmeal and wheat toast.
- B. Cream of wheat and biscuits.
- C. Cottage cheese and canned peaches.
- D. Tuna on a croissant and applesauce.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cottage cheese and canned peaches are soft, low-fiber, and easy to digest, suitable for an immobile client at risk for constipation. High-fiber options (oatmeal, wheat) may be harder to tolerate.