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The client is diagnosed with Ménière's disease. Which statement indicates the client understands the medical management for this disease?
- A. After intravenous antibiotic therapy, I will be cured.
- B. I will have to use a hearing aid for the rest of my life.
- C. I must adhere to a low-sodium diet, 2,000 mg/day.
- D. I should sleep with the head of my bed elevated.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A low-sodium diet (2,000 mg/day) reduces fluid retention in Ménière's disease, managing vertigo. Antibiotics are irrelevant, hearing aids are not always needed, and elevation is ineffective.
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The nurse is reviewing home management strategies with the client who has dry macular degeneration. The nurse should review using which objects with the client? Select all that apply.
- A. Protective goggles
- B. Lighting that is bright
- C. An Amsler grid
- D. A soft eye patch
- E. Magnification device
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: The nurse should review using bright lighting because it improves vision and promotes safety. An Amsler grid monitors for sudden onset or distortion of vision, indicating worsening macular degeneration. Magnification devices decrease eyestrain and promote safety. Protective goggles and eye patches are not specifically related to macular degeneration.
Which instruction should the nurse discuss with the female client with viral conjunctivitis?
- A. Contact the HCP if pain occurs.
- B. Do not share towels or linens.
- C. Apply warm compresses to the eyes.
- D. Apply makeup very lightly.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Not sharing towels or linens prevents viral conjunctivitis spread. Pain warrants HCP contact but is less preventive, compresses are soothing but secondary, and makeup should be avoided.
The nurse is caring for the client who has a visual deficit. Which approach should the nurse use?
- A. Acknowledge presence by greeting the client by name.
- B. Stand directly in front of the client to speak to the client.
- C. Use a loud, clear voice to address or talk to the client.
- D. Touch to get the client's attention before providing care.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Informing the client of the nurse's presence by greeting them by name puts the client at ease and allows participation in care. Standing directly in front may not align with the client's field of vision, loud voices are unnecessary, and touching without explanation can startle.
The nurse completes an assessment of the older adult client. Which disorder should the nurse associate with the finding illustrated?
- A. Glaucoma
- B. Arcus senilis
- C. Cataract
- D. Mydriasis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The illustration shows opacity of the lens of the eye. The nurse should associate this finding with a cataract. Glaucoma causes increased pressure within the eye and is not visible. Arcus senilis is a bluish-white ring within the outer edge of the cornea, which is not present in this illustration. Mydriasis is constriction of the pupil, which is not present in the illustration.
The client has undergone a bilateral stapedectomy. Which action by the client warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
- A. The client is ambulating without assistance.
- B. The client is sneezing with the mouth open.
- C. There is some slight serosanguineous drainage.
- D. The client reports hearing popping in the affected ear.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ambulating without assistance post-stapedectomy risks vertigo and falls, requiring intervention. Open-mouth sneezing, slight drainage, and popping are expected.