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The client is prescribed a loading dose of phenytoin of 15 mg/kg IV for seizure activity, then 100 mg IV tid. The client weighs 198 lb. What dose in mg should the nurse administer for the loading dose of phenytoin?
- A. 1350 mg IV
Correct Answer: 1350
Rationale: 198 lb = 90 kg; (198 ÷ 2.2 = 90 kg; 90 x 15 = 1350) The nurse should administer 1350 mg phenytoin (Dilantin).
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The 28-year-old client is on the rehabilitation unit post spinal cord injury at level T10. Which collaborative team members should participate with the nurse at the case conference? Select all that apply.
- A. Occupational Therapist (OT).
- B. Physical therapist (PT).
- C. Registered dietitian (RD).
- D. Rehabilitation physician.
- E. Social Worker (SW).
- F. Patient care tech (PCT).
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: OT (A) and PT (B) address functional and mobility needs, the physician (D) oversees medical care, and the social worker (E) coordinates resources. Dietitian (C) and PCT (F) are less critical for case conferences.
The nurse is performing a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) assessment on a client with a problem with intracranial regulation. The client’s GCS one (1) hour ago was scored at 10. Which datum indicates the client is improving?
- A. The current GSC rating is 3.
- B. The current GSC rating is 9.
- C. The current GSC rating is 10.
- D. The current GSC rating is 12.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A GCS of 12 (D) is higher than 10, indicating improved neurological status. Scores of 3 (A) or 9 (B) indicate worsening, and 10 (C) shows no change.
The nurse identifies the concept of intracranial regulation disturbance in a client diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease. Which priority intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Keep the bed low and call light in reach.
- B. Provide a regular diet of three (3) meals per day.
- C. Obtain an order for home health to see the client.
- D. Perform the Braden scale skin assessment.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Parkinson’s increases fall risk due to bradykinesia and rigidity. Keeping the bed low and call light in reach (A) prioritizes safety. Diet (B), home health (C), and skin assessment (D) are secondary.
Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. Clipping the hair is hospital policy.'
- B. This method is better for you.'
- C. Shaving the head causes microscopic cuts, resulting in risk for infection.'
- D. Surgery could be postponed if bleeding from the scalp occurs.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clipping avoids microscopic cuts from shaving, reducing infection risk, which is critical for craniotomy.
The client with a history of migraine headaches comes to the emergency department complaining of a migraine headache. Which collaborative treatment should the nurse anticipate?
- A. Administer an injection of sumatriptan (Imitrex), a triptan.
- B. Prepare for a computed tomography (CT) of the head.
- C. Place the client in a quiet room with the lights off.
- D. Administer propranolol (Inderal), a beta blocker.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sumatriptan (A) is a first-line treatment for acute migraines. CT (B) is for atypical cases, quiet room (C) is supportive, and propranolol (D) is for prophylaxis.