Nokea
The client is receiving propantheline bromide (Pro-Banthine) to treat cholecystitis. The nurse should evaluate the client's response to the medication by observing for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Urine retention.
- B. Diarrhea.
- C. Hypertension.
- D. Diaphoresis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Propantheline, an anticholinergic, can cause urine retention due to reduced bladder contractility. Diarrhea, hypertension, and diaphoresis are not typical side effects.
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A client with a history of chronic kidney disease is prescribed calcitriol (Rocaltrol). The nurse should explain that this medication works by:
- A. Reducing blood pressure.
- B. Increasing calcium absorption.
- C. Decreasing phosphate levels.
- D. Increasing urine output.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Calcitriol, a vitamin D analog, increases calcium absorption in chronic kidney disease to correct hypocalcemia.
A client with a history of bipolar disorder is prescribed lithium. The nurse should instruct the client to:
- A. Maintain a consistent sodium intake.
- B. Avoid drinking coffee.
- C. Take the medication with meals.
- D. Stop the medication if tremors occur.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Consistent sodium intake prevents lithium toxicity, as sodium fluctuations affect lithium levels.
Which of the following indicates that a 5-month-old weighing 15 lb and being treated for dehydration has a normal urine output? The urine output is:
- A. 1 to 2 mL/kg/hour.
- B. 3 to 5 mL/kg/hour.
- C. 6 to 8 mL/kg/hour.
- D. 10 to 12 mL/kg/hour.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Normal urine output for an infant is 1 to 2 mL/kg/hour, indicating adequate hydration. Higher outputs may suggest overhydration or other issues.
A 16-year-old Hispanic client at 10 weeks' gestation has been diagnosed with mild iron deficiency anemia. The client tells the nurse that she doesn't like to eat much meat. Which of the following foods should the nurse suggest to provide the client with the greatest amount of iron in her diet?
- A. 1 cup of lentils
- B. 1 cup of sunflower seeds
- C. 1/2oz of hard cheese
- D. 2 poached eggs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lentils are a rich plant-based source of iron, providing significantly more iron per serving than sunflower seeds, cheese, or eggs, making them ideal for a client avoiding meat.
A 9-month-old child has been diagnosed with an ear infection. The father asks what else to do to help his child. The nurse can tell the father:
- A. Your child should also take an antihistamine.'
- B. The antibiotic is the only medicine necessary.'
- C. The ear in the ears helps the discomfort.'
- D. Over-the-counter eardrops often are helpful.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antibiotics are the primary treatment for bacterial ear infections; antihistamines and eardrops are not typically recommended unless prescribed.