Nokea
The client is scheduled for an electroencephalogram (EEG) to help diagnose a seizure disorder. Which preprocedure teaching should the nurse implement?
- A. Tell the client to take any routine antiseizure medication prior to the EEG.
- B. Tell the client not to eat anything for eight (8) hours prior to the procedure.
- C. Instruct the client to stay awake for 24 hours prior to the EEG.
- D. Explain to the client that there will be some discomfort during the procedure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Taking routine antiseizure medications (A) ensures therapeutic levels during the EEG, avoiding seizures that could skew results. Fasting (B) is unnecessary, sleep deprivation (C) may be used in specific cases but not routinely, and EEGs are painless (D).
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Which assessment finding in a client post-diskectomy indicates a potential complication?
- A. Mild incisional pain
- B. Numbness in the toes
- C. Clear urine output
- D. Stable vital signs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Numbness in the toes may indicate nerve compression or damage, a potential complication requiring further evaluation.
The nurse asks the male client with epilepsy if he has auras with his seizures. The client says, 'I don’t know what you mean. What are auras?' Which statement by the nurse would be the best response?
- A. Some people have a warning that the seizure is about to start.'
- B. Auras occur when you are physically and psychologically exhausted.'
- C. You’re concerned that you do not have auras before your seizures?'
- D. Auras usually cause you to be sleepy after you have a seizure.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Auras are sensory warnings preceding a seizure (A), and this response accurately educates the client. Other options misdefine auras (B, D) or fail to address the question (C).
The nurse is conducting a support group for clients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease and their significant others. Which information regarding psychosocial needs should be included in the discussion?
- A. The client should discuss feelings about being placed on a ventilator.
- B. The client may have rapid mood swings and become easily upset.
- C. Pill-rolling tremors will become worse when the medication is wearing off.
- D. The client may automatically start to repeat what another person says.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid mood swings and emotional upset (B) are common in Parkinson’s due to dopamine fluctuations, addressing psychosocial needs. Ventilator discussions (A) are irrelevant, tremors (C) are physical, and echolalia (D) is not typical.
Which intervention is most appropriate for a client with a cerebral aneurysm at risk for rupture?
- A. Encourage deep coughing exercises.
- B. Maintain a quiet, dimly lit environment.
- C. Administer high-dose corticosteroids.
- D. Promote early ambulation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A quiet, dimly lit environment reduces stimuli that could increase intracranial pressure and risk aneurysm rupture.
The client with a C6 SCI is admitted to the emergency department complaining of a severe pounding headache and has a BP of 180/110. Which intervention should the emergency department nurse implement?
- A. Keep the client flat in bed.
- B. Dim the lights in the room.
- C. Assess for bladder distention.
- D. Administer a narcotic analgesic.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe headache and hypertension in C6 SCI suggest autonomic dysreflexia, often triggered by bladder distention (C). Assessing and relieving the trigger is the priority. Flat positioning (A) may worsen symptoms, dimming lights (B) is not effective, and narcotics (D) do not address the cause.