Nokea
The client undergoing detoxification from chronic alcohol abuse is to receive Phenobarbital 120 mg IM and promethazine 50 mg IM. Which explanation by the nurse about using this medication combination is correct?
- A. Promethazine will prevent a potential allergic reaction to the phenobarbital.
- B. Combining promethazine and phenobarbital will have a greater sedative effect.
- C. Promethazine will decrease the nausea from phenobarbital when it is given IM.
- D. Combining these reduces the sedative effects and prevents a ‘hangover' feeling.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Promethazine (Phenergan) potentiates the CNS depression of phenobarbital, producing a greater sedative effect.
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Which statement best describes electrolytes in intracellular and extracellular fluid?
- A. There is a greater concentration of sodium in extracellular fluid and potassium in intracellular fluid
- B. There is an equal concentration of sodium and potassium in extracellular fluid
- C. There is a greater concentration of potassium in extracellular fluid and sodium in intracellular fluid
- D. There is an equal concentration of sodium and potassium between intracellular and extracellular fluid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: There is a greater concentration of sodium in extracellular fluid and potassium in intracellular fluid, maintaining cellular function and fluid balance.
The nurse is caring for a female client who has recently been diagnosed with cancer and will soon begin chemotherapy. Which of these statements would require additional follow-up and education?
- A. I will be most susceptible to an infection between 7 and 12 days after chemotherapy.
- B. I should try to get my annual teeth cleaning in before beginning chemotherapy.
- C. I should wait until all my hair falls out to purchase a wig.
- D. I should try to drink 8-10 glasses of water a day.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This client is at risk for altered body image secondary to the hair loss from chemotherapy. A wig can be helpful in coping with this, and the client should shop for a wig before his or her hair falls out so that he or she can better match his or her color and style. The remaining statements are accurate.
Which of the following are included in the Rights of Medication Administration? Select all that apply. A. right dose, B. right time, C. right explanation, D. right client, E. right route
- A. B, C, D, E
- B. A, B, D, E
- C. A, B, D
- D. B, C, E
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Rights of Medication Administration include right client, right drug, right dose, right route, and right time. An additional right that is sometimes included is right documentation.
The new nurse describes the action of TCAs as relieving symptoms of depression by inhibiting neuronal uptake of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine. Place an X on the labeled site where the new nurse is stating that inhibition takes place.
- A. Axon of the presynaptic neuron
- B. Rceptor site
- C. Inactivator
- D. Neurotransmitor
- E. Mitochondrion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neuronal uptake of neurotransmitters occurs at the receptor sites on the postsynaptic neuron. [Image-based question; X placed on postsynaptic receptor sites.]
You are caring for a 78-year-old woman who is wondering why she was diagnosed with glaucoma. Although she has several risk factors, which of these is not one of them?
- A. age
- B. blood pressure reading of 143/89
- C. Mexican-American heritage
- D. 20/80 vision
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Age over 60 and Mexican-American ancestry are both risk factors for glaucoma. Elevated blood pressure also is a risk factor as it can cause optic nerve damage. 20/80 vision, while poor, is not a causal factor for glaucoma.