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A man states that he would like to change his dietary habits to decrease his risk of developing cancer in the future. Which of the following statements would be the best response for the nurse?
- A. “Consume at least cups of fruits and vegetables each day.”
- B. “Dietary habits have minimal effect in reducing your risk of developing cancer.”
- C. “A glass of red wine should be consumed daily.”
- D. “Dietary supplements of specific nutrients will maximize the effects of dietary changes.”
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Consuming a variety of fruits and vegetables can help reduce cancer risk.
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A nurse assesses that the task of development of affection for and from others has been met or is in the process of being met by an infant. Which of the following observations has the nurse made?
- A. The infant smiles at mirror images.
- B. The infant makes cooing noises.
- C. The infant begins to smile socially.
- D. The infant likes to be picked up.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Infants who enjoy being picked up are displaying affection for others, which is an important developmental task.
A nurse assesses the cognitive-perceptual pattern of a Type 1 diabetic client. Which finding has implications for the individual’s nursing plan of care?
- A. Decreased sense of hearing
- B. Decreased sense of smell
- C. Decreased sense of taste
- D. Decreased visual acuity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Decreased visual acuity is critical for individuals with diabetes who need to administer insulin, so it directly affects the nursing plan.
When providing preoperative teaching for a client who will be undergoing total knee arthroplasty, the nurse asks the client questions to assess his understanding of the surgery. Which type of ethics is the nurse implementing?
- A. Duty-based ethics
- B. Normative ethics
- C. Metaethics
- D. Preventive ethics
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Preventive ethics aims to address ethical issues before they arise, ensuring informed consent and understanding.
Which of the following statements is correct related to the concept of growth?
- A. Growth occurs mainly during early childhood.
- B. Older adults do not experience growth-related changes.
- C. Growth refers only to the increase in the size of specific organs and systems.
- D. Growth occurs throughout the life cycle.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Growth is a continuous process that takes place throughout the life cycle, including in adulthood.
Which statement shows analysis-level cognition according to Bloom’s taxonomy?
- A. "If I eat too much food and do not exercise, I will gain weight."
- B. "Fat is more calorie-dense than protein. If I eat calorie-dense foods and do not do moderate exercise at least 5 days a week, I will gain weight."
- C. "I will walk briskly at least a mile a day, 6 days a week, to maintain a healthy weight."
- D. "I can eat more if I exercise more."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The statement demonstrates an understanding of the relationship between diet, exercise, and weight.