Nokea
The client with a history of seizures is prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin). Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
- A. Take the medication with milk to prevent stomach upset.'
- B. Avoid alcohol while taking this medication.'
- C. You can stop the medication if you have no seizures for a month.'
- D. Take an extra dose if you feel a seizure coming on.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alcohol can interact with phenytoin, increasing toxicity or reducing efficacy, so it should be avoided. Milk does not prevent GI upset, stopping medication requires physician guidance, and extra doses are dangerous.
You may also like to solve these questions
A client presented herself to the mental health center, describing the following symptoms: a weight loss of 20 lb in the past 2 months, difficulty concentrating, repeated absences from work due to 'fatigue,' and not wanting to get dressed in the morning. She leaves her recorded message on her telephone and has lost interest in answering the phone or doorbell. The nurse's assessment of her behavior would most likely be:
- A. Deep depression
- B. Psychotic depression
- C. Severe anxiety
- D. Severe depression
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Although the client was able to bring herself to the mental health center, the extent of her weight loss and the interference of symptoms with activities of daily living indicate that she is severely depressed.
During an examination, the nurse notes that an infant has diaper rash on the convex surfaces of his buttocks, inner thighs, and scrotum. Which of the following nursing interventions will be most effective in resolving the condition?
- A. Coating the inflamed areas with zinc oxide
- B. Using talcum powder on the inflamed areas to promote drying
- C. Removing the diaper entirely for extended periods of time
- D. Cleaning the inflamed area thoroughly with disposable wet 'wipes' at each diaper change
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Removing the diaper and exposing the area to air and light facilitate drying and healing, effectively resolving diaper rash.
The nurse is assessing a client with suspected diabetic ketoacidosis. Which finding is most expected?
- A. Kussmaul respirations
- B. Hypertension
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Clear breath sounds
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Kussmaul respirations (rapid, deep breathing) are a compensatory mechanism in diabetic ketoacidosis to eliminate excess carbon dioxide and correct acidosis. Hypotension, tachycardia, and clear breath sounds are more common.
Which obstetrical client is most likely to have an infant with respiratory distress syndrome?
- A. A 28-year-old with a history of alcohol use during the pregnancy
- B. A 24-year-old with a history of diabetes mellitus
- C. A 30-year-old with a history of smoking during the pregnancy
- D. A 32-year-old with a history of pregnancy-induced hypertension
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maternal diabetes increases the risk of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome due to impaired surfactant production from hyperglycemia. Alcohol, smoking, and hypertension are less directly linked.
A client with a history of asthma is admitted with complaints of wheezing. The nurse should give priority to:
- A. Administering bronchodilators
- B. Monitoring blood pressure
- C. Administering pain medication
- D. Monitoring temperature
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bronchodilators relieve wheezing in asthma by relaxing airway smooth muscles, improving airflow.