Nokea
The client with restrictive cardiomyopathy asks why they feel short of breath. What is the best response?
- A. Your heart cannot fill properly.
- B. Your lungs are inflamed.
- C. Your blood pressure is too low.
- D. Your heart rate is too fast.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Restrictive cardiomyopathy impairs ventricular filling, reducing cardiac output and causing shortness of breath.
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The client comes to the clinic complaining of muscle cramping and pain in both legs when walking for short periods of time. Which medical term would the nurse document in the client's record?
- A. Peripheral vascular disease.
- B. Intermittent claudication.
- C. Deep vein thrombosis.
- D. Dependent rubor.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Muscle cramping/pain with walking (B) is intermittent claudication, a hallmark of arterial occlusive disease. PVD (A) is broader, DVT (C) causes swelling/pain at rest, and dependent rubor (D) is a skin color change.
Which instruction should the nurse include for a client with heart failure to monitor fluid status?
- A. Check blood pressure twice daily.
- B. Weigh yourself every morning.
- C. Record urine color daily.
- D. Measure abdominal girth weekly.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Daily weight monitoring detects fluid retention early, as 1 liter of fluid equals approximately 2.2 pounds.
The nurse is preparing a client for valve replacement surgery. Which preoperative teaching is most important?
- A. You will need lifelong anticoagulant therapy.
- B. You can resume heavy lifting in 2 weeks.
- C. You will not need antibiotics before dental procedures.
- D. You should avoid all physical activity post-surgery.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lifelong anticoagulation is often required post-valve replacement to prevent clot formation.
The client is diagnosed with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which statement would the nurse expect the client to make during the admission assessment?
- A. I have stomach pain every time I eat a big, heavy meal.'
- B. I don’t have any abdominal pain or any type of problems.'
- C. I have periodic episodes of constipation and then diarrhea.'
- D. I belch a lot, especially when I lie down after eating.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Small AAAs are often asymptomatic (B). Postprandial pain (A), bowel changes (C), and belching (D) suggest GI issues, not AAA.
The nurse knows the client understands the teaching concerning a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet when the client selects which meal?
- A. Fried fish, garlic mashed potatoes, and iced tea.
- B. Ham and cheese on white bread and whole milk.
- C. Baked chicken, baked potato, and skim milk.
- D. A hamburger, French fries, and carbonated beverage.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Baked chicken, baked potato, and skim milk (C) are low-fat/low-cholesterol. Fried fish (A), ham/cheese/milk (B), and hamburger/fries (D) are high-fat.