Nokea
The doctor has prescribed Claratin (loratidine) for a client with seasonal allergies. The feature that separates Claratin from other antihistamines such as diphenhydramine is that the medication:
- A. Is nonsedating
- B. Stimulates appetite
- C. Is used for motion sickness
- D. Is less expensive
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Loratadine (Claritin) is a second-generation antihistamine that is nonsedating, unlike first-generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine.
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The nurse is working with a client who experiences orthostatic hypotension. Which suggestion would benefit the client?
- A. Sleep completely flat and do not use any pillows to prop your head.'
- B. Wear your support stockings when you sleep.'
- C. Take your blood pressure medicine immediately before trying to stand up.'
- D. Do not drink any liquids after 8 p.m.'
- E. None
- F. all the above
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: None of the options directly address orthostatic hypotension effectively. Support stockings during the day (not sleep), slow position changes, and adequate hydration are better strategies.
The schizophrenic client has become disruptive and requires seclusion. Which staff member can institute seclusion?
- A. The security guard
- B. The registered nurse
- C. The licensed practical nurse
- D. The nursing assistant
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An RN has the authority to initiate seclusion based on clinical judgment.
The nurse is preparing to administer a dose of morphine sulfate to a client with postoperative pain. The client’s respiratory rate is 10 breaths per minute. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Administer the dose as ordered.
- B. Withhold the dose and notify the physician.
- C. Administer half the dose and monitor the client.
- D. Recheck the respiratory rate in 30 minutes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: a respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute is low, and morphine can further depress respiration, so the dose should be withheld
A client diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease initiates the same conversation repeatedly, becomes aggressive when stressed, needs reminders to perform ADLs, and is easily lost in his neighborhood. This client is likely in what stage of Alzheimer's disease?
- A. pre-Alzheimer's
- B. early/mild
- C. moderate
- D. late to severe
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Moderate Alzheimer's involves repetitive behaviors, aggression, ADL dependence, and disorientation, as described, indicating significant cognitive decline.
A client is admitted with a tumor in the parietal lobe. Which symptoms would be expected due to this tumor's location?
- A. Hemiplegia
- B. Aphasia
- C. Paresthesia
- D. Nausea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The parietal lobe processes sensory information. A tumor here may cause paresthesia (abnormal sensations like tingling) due to disruption of sensory pathways.