Nokea
The Duke criterion for the diagnosis of endocarditis is a major
- A. new regurgitant flow by echocardiography
- B. Osler nodes
- C. single positive blood culture
- D. serologic evidence of infection
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A single positive blood culture is one of the major criteria for diagnosing endocarditis.
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The following are causes of cyanosis in the presence of 60% oxygen:
- A. Haemoglobin concentration < 5 g%
- B. Methaemoglobinaemia
- C. Thalassaemia
- D. Right to left shunt
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A right-to-left shunt can cause cyanosis even in the presence of high oxygen levels. Methaemoglobinaemia and severe anemia (Hb < 5 g%) can also cause cyanosis.
In congenital hypertophic pulmonary stenosis
- A. Metabolic alkalosis occurs
- B. In some cases can be treated with non surgical methods
- C. During surgery tumor is removed
- D. Is a caus of conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia in neonate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Some cases of congenital hypertrophic pulmonary stenosis can be managed with non-surgical techniques like balloon valvuloplasty.
When caring for an 11-month-old infant with dehydration and metabolic acidosis, the nurse expects to see which of the following?
- A. A reduced white blood cell count
- B. A decreased platelet count
- C. Shallow respirations
- D. Tachypnea
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tachypnea is a compensatory mechanism in metabolic acidosis to help expel excess carbon dioxide and correct the acid-base imbalance.
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner is performing a well child examination on a school-age child who had complete repair of a tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) defect in infancy. What is important in this child's health maintenance regime?
- A. Cardiology clearance for sports participation
- B. Restriction of physical activity to avoid pulmonary complications
- C. Sub-acute bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis precautions
- D. Teaching about management of hypercyanotic episodes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Children who have had TOF repair must be cleared by cardiology before participation in sports.
Isovolumic contraction phase of ventricular systole occurs during which of the following phases of central venous pressure, approximately
- A. From nadir of y descent to peak of a wave
- B. From peak of a wave to trough of x wave
- C. From trough of x wave to peak of c wave
- D. From peak of c wave to trough of x' descent
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Isovolumic contraction occurs from the trough of the x wave to the peak of the c wave.