Nokea
The endometrial tissue of the cervix is arranged in folds known as:
- A. Racemose glands
- B. Rugae
- C. Arbor vitae
- D. Peritoneum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The endometrial tissue of the cervix is arranged in folds known as rugae, not Arbor vitae. Rugae are commonly found in anatomical structures like the stomach and bladder to allow expansion. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Racemose glands refer to branched compound glands, Arbor vitae is the tree-like appearance of the cerebellum, and Peritoneum is the serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity.
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What is the role of the progesterone hormone?
- A. Stimulates the development of the nipple and duct system in the breast.
- B. Stimulates the storage of milk.
- C. Stimulates the secretion of relaxin.
- D. Stimulates the development of glandular tissue in the breast.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Progesterone hormone's role includes stimulating the development of the nipple and duct system in the breast. This hormone is crucial for preparing the breast for potential pregnancy by promoting the growth of structures necessary for milk production. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because progesterone primarily focuses on preparing the breast for lactation rather than directly stimulating milk storage, relaxin secretion, or glandular tissue development.
Outlet of the true pelvis anteriorly bounded by:
- A. Ischiopubic arch (T)
- B. Linea terminalis (F)
- C. Coccyx (T)
- D. Promontory of the sacrum (F)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ischiopubic arch. The outlet of the true pelvis is indeed anteriorly bounded by the ischiopubic arch, which consists of the ischium and the pubic bones. This structure forms the lower boundary of the pelvic outlet. The other choices, B, C, and D, are incorrect. The linea terminalis (pelvic brim) forms the upper boundary of the true pelvis, the coccyx is part of the bony pelvis but does not bound the pelvic outlet anteriorly, and the promontory of the sacrum is located in the posterior part of the pelvis, not the anterior boundary of the pelvic outlet.
Which of the following is an example of an oviparous animal?
- A. Pigeon
- B. Elephant
- C. Sheep
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pigeon. Oviparous animals are those that lay eggs, and pigeons fall under this category. Choice B, Elephant, is incorrect because elephants are viviparous, giving birth to live young. Choice C, Sheep, is also incorrect as sheep are viviparous animals. Choice D, None of the above, is not the correct answer as a pigeon is indeed an example of an oviparous animal.
Which of the following are layers of endometrium in pregnancy EXCEPT?
- A. Decidua compacta
- B. Decidua spongiosum
- C. Decidua functionalis
- D. Decidua basalis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During pregnancy, the layers of endometrium include decidua compacta, decidua spongiosum, and decidua basalis. Decidua functionalis is the layer that sheds during menstruation and regenerates each cycle, not a layer of the endometrium during pregnancy. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer. Decidua compacta is the layer closest to the conceptus, decidua spongiosum is the middle layer, and decidua basalis is the layer adjacent to the myometrium.
What is the most common cause of abortion in Zambia?
- A. Tuberculosis
- B. HIV
- C. Ascariasis
- D. Malaria
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Malaria is the most common cause of abortion in Zambia due to its significant impact on maternal health. Malaria can lead to severe complications during pregnancy, increasing the risk of spontaneous abortion. Tuberculosis (Choice A), HIV (Choice B), and Ascariasis (Choice C) are serious health conditions, but they are not typically identified as the primary cause of abortion in Zambia as malaria.