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The epidemiological triad can be utilized to devise strategies for preventing farm machinery injuries. What action should the nurse take to concentrate on the agent?
- A. Convert written vehicle instructions into a pictorial format.
- B. Educate farm workers not to smoke around farm equipment.
- C. Offer rehabilitation services to injured farm workers.
- D. Collaborate with lawmakers to mandate safe tractor design.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Collaborating with lawmakers to mandate safe tractor design can have a significant impact on reducing farm machinery injuries. By addressing the issue at the design level, many injuries can be prevented.
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The public health nurse is assessing resources in a rural community. Which healthcare resource is of utmost importance to the community?
- A. Annual health fair.
- B. Family planning center.
- C. Access to trauma care.
- D. Plan for weather-related disasters.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Access to trauma care is crucial in rural areas where distances to hospitals can be great. Injuries and acute illnesses require immediate attention, and having access to trauma care can significantly improve outcomes.
A teenager with a history of recurring atopic dermatitis (eczema) tells the school nurse of a desire to play high school sports. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Advise the teenager to shower with non-perfumed soaps immediately after practice.
- B. Inform the parents of problems associated with perspiration for those with eczema.
- C. Inform the athletic coach of the teenager's skin condition and its manifestations.
- D. Encourage the teenager to join the swim team instead of an outdoor sport.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Showering with non-perfumed soaps immediately after practice is a good practice for a teenager with a history of recurring atopic dermatitis (eczema) who wants to play high school sports. Heat and humidity can cause perspiration, which intensifies itching with atopic dermatitis (eczema), so the client should be encouraged to shower, using non-perfumed soaps, as soon as possible after physical activity to remove perspiration.
The community health nurse suspects that immunization rates in a lower-socioeconomic section of %%city are likely below the state health department's target. What should be the nurse's initial action to address this health problem?
- A. Call a meeting of citizens to inform them of the importance of having their children immunized.
- B. Partner with a local children's hospital to set up free immunization clinics in the neighborhood.
- C. Join a political action group that focuses attention on the issue in the local news media.
- D. Review current epidemiological population data that might document a low immunization rate.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reviewing current epidemiological population data would provide the nurse with a clear picture of the immunization rates in different sections of the city. This should be the initial step as it would guide subsequent actions, such as setting up immunization clinics in areas where they are most needed.
While conducting a head lice screening for third-grade students, the school nurse notices a brownish thickening on the neck of one child. What should be the nurse's response to this observation?
- A. Review the child's medical records for a list of allergies or sensitivities.
- B. Inspect the child's torso and arms for other signs of physical injury.
- C. Advise the parents to start treatment with permethrin.
- D. Recommend the parents to seek further medical evaluation for the child.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Given the observation of a brownish thickening on the neck of the child, it would be appropriate to recommend the parents to seek further medical evaluation for the child. This symptom could be indicative of various conditions, which would require further investigation.
A nurse has developed a six-month program to address the increased incidence of hospital-acquired infections among clients in a long-term care facility. The program includes three mandatory classes on proper handwashing techniques and increases the availability of hand cleansers in the facility. Which measure provides the best indication of the program's effectiveness?
- A. Survey employees to determine how often hand cleansers are used during client care.
- B. Compare the incidence of infections before and after the program's implementation.
- C. Observe a random sample of employees washing their hands three weeks after the program starts.
- D. Use an experimental design to compare program participants with a control group.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Comparing the incidence of infections before and after the program's implementation is the most direct and reliable measure of the program's effectiveness. A significant reduction in the rate of hospital-acquired infections after the implementation of the program would indicate that the program is effective.