Nokea
The factors contributing to the unequal distribution of drugs are all except:
- A. Heterogenesity of the drug
- B. Binding to plasma proteins
- C. Cellular binding
- D. Concentration in body fat
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Unequal distribution is due to physiological factors like plasma protein binding, cellular binding, fat concentration, and barriers (e.g., blood-brain barrier), not drug heterogeneity.
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Which of the following drugs should be avoided in a pregnant woman because of a risk of harming the fetus?
- A. Pravastatin
- B. Cholestyramine
- C. Gemfibrozil
- D. Niacin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Statins like pravastatin are contraindicated in pregnancy due to potential teratogenic effects.
The term 'chemical antagonism' means that:
- A. two drugs combine with one another to form an inactive compound
- B. two drugs combine with one another to form a more active compound
- C. two drugs combine with one another to form a more water soluble compound
- D. two drugs combine with one another to form a more fat soluble compound
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chemical antagonism involves a direct chemical interaction rendering the drug inactive, e.g., chelation.
Which of the following is a representative of sulfonylurea?
- A. Metformin
- B. Sitagliptine
- C. Acarbose
- D. Chlorpropamide
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chlorpropamide is a sulfonylurea that stimulates insulin release from pancreatic beta cells.
Beta-blockers - aside from their cardiovascular indications - are also used in the treatment of which condition?
- A. Gout
- B. Glaucoma
- C. Reynaud's phenomenon
- D. Asthma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-blockers (e.g., timolol) are used in glaucoma to reduce intraocular pressure.
Prior to prescribing metformin, the provider should:
- A. Draw a serum creatinine to assess renal function
- B. Try the patient on insulin
- C. Tell the patient to increase iodine intake
- D. Have the patient stop taking any sulfonylurea to avoid dangerous drug interactions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin requires renal function assessment (creatinine) due to lactic acidosis risk; insulin isn't a prerequisite.