Nokea
The Fallopian tube is linked to the:
- A. vagina;
- B. uterus;
- C. ovary;
- D. vulva;
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: uterus. The Fallopian tube connects the ovaries to the uterus, allowing eggs to travel from the ovaries to the uterus for fertilization. The vagina (A) is not directly connected to the Fallopian tube but serves as the birth canal. The ovary (C) is where eggs are produced and released into the Fallopian tube, not directly linked to it. The vulva (D) is the external part of the female genitalia and is not connected to the Fallopian tube.
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Within minutes following a normal delivery, flow through the foramen ovale decreases dramatically. What is the cause of this change?
- A. Increased formation of prostaglandin E2 in the endocardium
- B. Increased rate of flow through the pulmonary artery
- C. Increased left atrial pressure
- D. Increased right atrial pressure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer (C):
1. After delivery, the baby takes its first breath, increasing oxygen levels.
2. This leads to the closure of the foramen ovale to shift blood flow from the right to the left side.
3. Increased left atrial pressure occurs due to increased blood returning from the lungs.
4. This pressure change causes the foramen ovale to close.
Summary of incorrect choices:
A: Increased prostaglandin E2 does not directly affect flow through the foramen ovale.
B: Increased flow through the pulmonary artery is expected after birth, but it does not directly impact the foramen ovale.
D: Increased right atrial pressure would not cause a decrease in flow through the foramen ovale.
The spermatozoon is made up of:
- A. head;
- B. mid piece or neck;
- C. flagellum;
- D. body;
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: head. The spermatozoon is composed of three main parts: head, mid piece or neck, and flagellum. The head contains the nucleus which carries genetic material. The mid piece or neck contains mitochondria for energy production. The flagellum is responsible for sperm motility. In this question, the head is the most essential part of the spermatozoon as it contains the genetic material required for fertilization. The other choices (B: mid piece or neck, C: flagellum, D: body) are incorrect as they are important for sperm function but do not carry the genetic material necessary for fertilization.
A man suffers from a disease that destroyed only the motor neurons of the spinal cord below the thoracic region. Which aspect of sexual function would not be possible?
- A. Arousal
- B. Erection
- C. Lubrication
- D. Ejaculation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ejaculation. Motor neurons control muscle movements, including those involved in ejaculation. Since the motor neurons below the thoracic region are damaged, the man would not be able to ejaculate. Arousal (A), erection (B), and lubrication (C) are controlled by different mechanisms and do not solely rely on motor neurons in the spinal cord.
While you are orienting a new RN to the medical-surgical unit, you observe the orientee accomplishing all of the following actions while caring for a client with severe pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), who has been admitted to the hospital for administration of IV antibiotics. Which one will require that you intervene most quickly?
- A. The new RN tells the client she should avoid using tampons in the future.
- B. The new RN offers the client an ice pack to decrease her abdominal pain.
- C. The new RN positions the client flat in bed while helping her take a bath.
- D. The new RN teaches the client she should not have intercourse for 2 months.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Positioning the client flat in bed can exacerbate discomfort and is inappropriate for PID.
The tiny female sex cell that unites with male sperm to form a zygote or fertilized egg.
- A. Ovary
- B. Ovum
- C. Gonad
- D. Gamets
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ovum. The ovum is the mature female sex cell that unites with a male sperm during fertilization to form a zygote. Ovary (A) is the organ that produces eggs but is not the actual female sex cell. Gonad (C) is a general term for reproductive organs, not the specific female sex cell. Gametes (D) refer to both male and female sex cells, so it is a broad term and not the specific female sex cell. The ovum is the only choice that accurately represents the tiny female sex cell involved in fertilization.