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The female client tells the clinic nurse she is going on a seven (7)-day cruise and is worried about getting motion sickness. Which information should the nurse discuss with the client?
- A. Make an appointment for the client to see the health-care provider.
- B. Recommend getting an over-the-counter scopolamine patch.
- C. Discourage the client from taking the trip because she is worried.
- D. Instruct the client to lie down and the motion sickness will go away.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A scopolamine patch prevents motion sickness effectively. HCP appointments, trip discouragement, and lying down are less practical.
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The client is receiving treatment with gentamicin ophthalmic solution for bacterial conjunctivitis. Which symptom, described by the client, indicates that the medication is ineffective?
- A. Eyes feel strained
- B. Yellowish eye drainage
- C. Twitching of the eye
- D. Unable to read small print
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mucopurulent eye drainage, especially yellowish or greenish, is associated with bacterial conjunctivitis; continuing with eye drainage indicates gentamicin is ineffective in treating the infection. Eyestrain, twitching, and inability to read small print are not associated with an infectious process.
A resident of a long-term care facility tells the nurse, 'I'm having a hard time hearing people talk and can't understand the voices on TV.' Which action is most appropriate?
- A. Teach the client about eliminating background noises in the room.
- B. Assess the client's hearing and use an otoscope for examination.
- C. Schedule an appointment with the HCP for bilateral ear irrigations.
- D. Instruct the client to look at the speaker's lips to decipher words.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should assess the client's hearing and perform an otoscopic examination to verify symptoms and identify the cause. Other actions follow assessment.
The client is scheduled for ear surgery. Which statement indicates the client needs more preoperative teaching concerning the surgery?
- A. If I have to sneeze or blow my nose, I will do it with my mouth open.
- B. I may get dizzy after the surgery, so I must be careful when walking.
- C. I will probably have some hearing loss after surgery, but hearing will return.
- D. I can shampoo my hair the day after surgery as long as I am careful.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Shampooing the day after ear surgery risks water entry and infection; typically, hair washing is delayed. Open-mouth sneezing, dizziness, and temporary hearing loss are correct.
What should the nurse include when teaching the client with Parkinson's disease?
- A. He should try to continue working as long as he can remain sitting most of the day.
- B. Drooling may be reduced somewhat if he remembers to swallow frequently.
- C. He should return monthly for lab tests, which will predict the progression of the disease.
- D. Emotional stress has no effect on voluntary muscle control in clients with Parkinson's disease.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Frequent swallowing can reduce drooling, a common symptom in Parkinson's disease, improving comfort and social interaction.
The 60-year-old client notices a gradual decline in visual acuity and asks if it could be from a cataract. Which question will help determine whether a cataract is developing?
- A. Has your ability to perceive colors changed?
- B. Does your vision appear distorted or wavy?
- C. Does the center of your visual field appear dark?
- D. Do you see random flashes of bright light?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asking about a change in the ability to perceive colors will help in determining cataract development. Cataract formation involves the lens of the eye becoming more opaque, thus decreasing the vibrancy of colors. Distorted central vision is a sign of macular degeneration. A darkened area in the center of the visual field is associated with macular degeneration. Seeing flashes of bright lights is associated with retinal detachment.