Nokea
The female sex of the child involves the following during fecundation:
- A. the spermatozoon should contain the X sex chromosome;
- B. the spermatozoon should contain the Y sex chromosome;
- C. the ovule should contain the contain the Y sex chromosome;
- D. the spermatozoon should contain the X sex chromosome and the ovule should contain the contain the X sex chromosome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because during fecundation, the female sex of the child is determined by the presence of the X sex chromosome in the spermatozoon and the ovule. This leads to the combination of XX chromosomes, resulting in a female child. Choice A (spermatozoon with X chromosome) alone would lead to a female child, but it requires the ovule to also have an X chromosome for the correct combination. Choice B (spermatozoon with Y chromosome) would result in a male child. Choice C (ovule with Y chromosome) is incorrect as the ovule always contains an X chromosome. Thus, the correct combination for a female child is when the spermatozoon contains the X chromosome and the ovule contains the X chromosome.
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Spermatogonia
- A. are germ cell.
- B. are diploid cell.
- C. are male gametes.
- D. have flagell
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because spermatogonia are indeed germ cells that give rise to sperm cells through the process of spermatogenesis. They are diploid cells, not male gametes. Spermatogonia do not have flagella; instead, mature sperm cells have flagella for motility. So, the correct answer is A because spermatogonia are the precursor cells for sperm cells, they are diploid, and they do not have flagella.
The medical term expressing surgical fixation of the breast(s) is __________
- A. mammoplasty
- B. Mastopexy
- C. hysteropexy
- D. vaginoplasty
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: mammoplasty. "Mammo-" refers to the breast, and "-plasty" indicates surgical repair or reconstruction. This term specifically denotes surgical fixation of the breast(s).
B: Mastopexy refers to a breast lift, not fixation.
C: Hysteropexy involves fixing the uterus, not the breast.
D: Vaginoplasty refers to surgical reconstruction of the vagina, not the breast.
The primitive stem cell of spermatogenesis, which is found on the periphery of each seminiferous tubule, is called a ________.
- A. spermatogonium
- B. spermatid
- C. primary spermatocyte
- D. secondary spermatocyte
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: spermatogonium. Spermatogonium is the primitive stem cell of spermatogenesis located at the periphery of seminiferous tubules. It undergoes mitosis to produce more spermatogonia or differentiate into primary spermatocytes. Spermatid and secondary spermatocyte are later stages in spermatogenesis, not the primitive stem cell. Primary spermatocyte is the immediate progeny of spermatogonium following differentiation.
The vagina is inserted on the:
- A. uterine corpus;
- B. uterine cervix;
- C. Fallopian tube;
- D. cervix
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: cervix. The vagina is inserted on the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that connects the uterus to the vagina. The cervix serves as a passageway for sperm to enter the uterus and for menstrual blood to exit. The other choices (A: uterine corpus, B: uterine cervix, C: Fallopian tube) are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the anatomical structure where the vagina is inserted. It is essential to understand the specific anatomical relationships to identify the correct answer.
Which spermatid phase (spermiogenesis) is distinguished by the presence of PAS positive granules called pro acrosomal granules?
- A. Golgi phase
- B. Cap phase
- C. Acrosome phase
- D. Maturation phase
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Golgi phase. During the Golgi phase of spermiogenesis, the proacrosomal granules are formed from the Golgi apparatus and are PAS positive. These granules will later contribute to the formation of the acrosome in mature sperm. The other choices are incorrect because:
B: Cap phase - This phase is characterized by the formation of the acrosomal cap over the nucleus, not the proacrosomal granules.
C: Acrosome phase - This phase involves the elongation and shaping of the acrosome, not the formation of proacrosomal granules.
D: Maturation phase - This phase focuses on the final maturation and condensation of the sperm cell, not the formation of proacrosomal granules.