Nokea
The first polar body appears in the:
- A. primary oocyte just before ovulation
- B. primary oocyte after birth
- C. secondary oocyte after fertilization
- D. primary oocyte before birth
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the first polar body is formed during the first meiotic division of the primary oocyte before birth. The primary oocyte undergoes meiosis I to form the secondary oocyte and the first polar body. This process occurs during fetal development, not after birth.
Choice A is incorrect because the primary oocyte completes meiosis I to form the secondary oocyte and the first polar body before ovulation.
Choice B is incorrect because the primary oocyte forms the first polar body before birth, not after birth.
Choice C is incorrect because the first polar body is formed during meiosis I of the primary oocyte, not after fertilization.
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The cortical area of the ovary contains:
- A. primordial follicles;
- B. mature follicles;
- C. secondary follicles;
- D. blood vessels;
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The cortical area of the ovary is the outer layer where follicles develop.
Step 2: Primordial follicles are the earliest stage of follicle development, found in the cortex.
Step 3: Mature follicles are developed follicles located deeper in the ovary, not in the cortex.
Step 4: Secondary follicles are also more developed than primordial follicles, located deeper.
Step 5: Blood vessels are important for supplying nutrients but are not specific to the cortical area.
Therefore, the correct answer is A as primordial follicles are located in the cortical area, while other choices are found in different regions of the ovary.
During the follicular phase of the female menstrual cycle
- A. the secretion of luteinising hormone and follicle stimulating hormone are being inhibited by the corpus luteum
- B. the corpus luteum is developing
- C. progesterone is being secreted
- D. oestrogen is at its highest level
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: During the follicular phase, the correct answer is D because it is when the ovaries produce estrogen to stimulate the thickening of the uterine lining. This prepares the uterus for potential implantation of a fertilized egg. In contrast, choice A is incorrect because the corpus luteum is not formed until after ovulation. Choice B is incorrect as the corpus luteum forms after the egg is released. Choice C is incorrect because progesterone is mainly secreted during the luteal phase to maintain the uterine lining.
Which of the following is not a result of menopause?
- A. loss of hormones
- B. reduction in breast mass
- C. increase in calcium deposition
- D. psychological changes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: increase in calcium deposition. Menopause is associated with a decrease in estrogen levels, leading to bone loss rather than an increase in calcium deposition. Loss of hormones (A) is a result of menopause due to the decline in estrogen and progesterone. Reduction in breast mass (B) occurs as estrogen levels decrease, impacting breast tissue. Psychological changes (D) such as mood swings and irritability are common during menopause due to hormonal fluctuations. Thus, an increase in calcium deposition is not a result of menopause, making choice C the correct answer.
The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client who is scheduled for her first Papanicolaou test. What instruction by the nurse is the most accurate?
- A. “The timing of the Pap smear does not matter.”
- B. “Sexual intercourse will not interfere with the results.”
- C. “Results can be interpreted immediately in the offic
- D. “Results are best if you do not douche 24 hours before the test.”
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Douching can alter the cervical cells and affect the accuracy of the Pap smear results. The rationale is that douching can wash away or change the cervical cells, leading to potential misinterpretation of the test results. Choices A and B are incorrect because the timing of the test and sexual activity can indeed affect the results. Choice C is incorrect as Pap smear results need to be sent to a lab for interpretation by a healthcare provider, not done immediately in the office.
Miss Tucker, aged 27, had a cervical conization for cancer in situ. She is to be married in 4 months and the couple both want children, but she has been advised to have an immediate hysterectomy. In discussing the situation with the patient the nurse should
- A. encourage her to have the hysterectomy
- B. suggest she obtain a second medical opinion
- C. suggest that she restrict sexual activity indefinitely
- D. stress the importance of repeat examinations at 3- to 6-month intervals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Obtaining a second opinion allows for informed decision-making regarding treatment options.