Nokea
The following antibiotics interfere with bacterial translation:
- A. Penicillin
- B. Ceftriaxone
- C. Azithromycin
- D. Ciprofloxacin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, thereby interfering with translation.
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Patrick, a healthy adolescent has meningitis and is receiving I.V. and oral fluids. The nurse should monitor this client’s fluid intake because fluid overload may cause:
- A. Cerebral edema
- B. Dehydration
- C. Heart failure
- D. Hypovolemic shock
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fluid overload in a patient with meningitis can exacerbate cerebral edema, increasing intracranial pressure and worsening the condition.
Increased pulmonary markings (increased pulmonary blood flow) is seen in
- A. pulmonary atresia
- B. truncus arteriosus
- C. tetralogy of Fallot
- D. tricuspid atresia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Truncus arteriosus results in increased pulmonary blood flow leading to increased pulmonary markings on chest X-ray.
The following are major side effects of PGE1 EXCEPT
- A. apnea
- B. fever
- C. cutaneous flushing
- D. hypertension
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cutaneous flushing is a common side effect of PGE1, while hypertension is not typically observed.
A nurse assesses a client who had a myocardial infarction and is hypotensive. Which additional assessment finding should the nurse expect?
- A. Heart rate of 120 beats/min
- B. Cool, clammy skin
- C. Oxygen saturation of 90%
- D. Respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A heart rate of 120 beats/min (tachycardia) is a common compensatory response to hypotension following a myocardial infarction, as the body attempts to maintain cardiac output.
Hemolytic anaemia is characterised by:
- A. Increased haptoglobin
- B. Haemosiderinuria
- C. Polychromasia
- D. Megaloblastic bone marrow
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Haemosiderinuria: Hemolytic anaemia often leads to the release of heme, which is broken down into hemosiderin, leading to haemosiderinuria (presence of hemosiderin in urine).