Nokea
The following drugs are given by subcutaneous route:
- A. Human GH
- B. Insulin
- C. Human erythropoietin
- D. Hepatitis B vaccine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because human growth hormone (GH) is commonly administered subcutaneously. The other options (b-e) are also given subcutaneously, but GH is the most relevant in this context.
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An emergency room nurse obtains the health history of a client. Which statement by the client should alert the nurse to the occurrence of heart failure?
- A. I get short of breath when I climb stairs.
- B. I see halos floating around my head.
- C. I have trouble remembering things.
- D. I have lost weight over the past month.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Shortness of breath, especially during exertion, is a classic symptom of heart failure due to the heart's inability to pump blood effectively.
While caring for a client with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), the nurse performs a neurological assessment every four hours. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
- A. Inappropriate laughter
- B. Increasing anxiety
- C. Weakened cough effort
- D. Asymmetrical weakness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A weakened cough effort can lead to respiratory complications, which are life-threatening in ALS patients.
The nurse is preparing an adolescent for discharge after a cardiac catheterization. Which statement by the adolescent would indicate a need for further teaching?
- A. “I should avoid tub baths but may shower.â€
- B. “I have to stay on strict bed rest for 3 days.â€
- C. “I should remove the pressure dressing the day after the procedure.â€
- D. “I may attend school but should avoid exercise for several days.â€
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The child does not need to be on strict bed rest for 3 days. Showers are recommended; children should avoid a tub bath. The pressure dressing is removed the day after the catheterization and replaced by an adhesive bandage to keep the area clean. Strenuous activity must be avoided for several days, but the child can return to school.
The nurse is caring for a child who has undergone a cardiac catheterization. During recovery, the nurse notices the dressing is saturated with bright red blood. The nurse's first action is to:
- A. Call the interventional cardiologist
- B. Notify the cardiac catheterization laboratory that the child will be returning
- C. Apply a bulky pressure dressing over the present dressing
- D. Apply direct pressure 1 inch above the puncture site
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Direct pressure above the puncture site helps control bleeding by localizing pressure over the vessel.
Possible causes of isosexual precocious puberty in a 6-year-old girl are:
- A. McCune-Albright syndrome
- B. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
- C. Ovarian tumour
- D. Hypothalamic hamartomas
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypothalamic hamartomas can cause precocious puberty by secreting gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) prematurely.