Nokea
The following drugs cause hypokalaemia:
- A. Commencement of digoxin for atrial fibrillation
- B. ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors
- C. Salbutamol for asthma
- D. Vitamin B1 for the treatment of pernicious anaemia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Salbutamol can cause hypokalaemia. Digoxin, ACE inhibitors, and vitamin B1 do not typically cause hypokalaemia.
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Treatment options in the management of an intussusception include:
- A. Contrast enema
- B. Air enema
- C. Water enema
- D. Open surgery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Air enema is a common non-surgical treatment for intussusception. Contrast enema and open surgery are also options, but air enema is often preferred.
Sequelae of a complete posterior cord section between C3 and T1 include:
- A. Muscle fasciculation
- B. Loss of sensation below the lesion
- C. Loss of deep tendon reflexes
- D. Athetoid movements
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A complete posterior cord section results in loss of sensation below the lesion due to damage to the sensory pathways. Motor functions may remain intact as the anterior cord is unaffected.
After the nurse provides dietary restrictions to the parents of a child with celiac disease, which statement by the parents indicates effective teaching?
- A. “Well follow these instructions until our child’s symptoms disappear.â€
- B. “Our child must maintain these dietary restrictions until adulthood.â€
- C. “Our child must maintain these dietary restrictions lifelong.â€
- D. “We’ll follow these instructions until our child has completely grown and developed.â€
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Celiac disease requires lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet to prevent symptoms and complications.
Regarding a supracristal VSD, the following are true EXCEPT
- A. incidence is higher in Asian children
- B. complicated by aortic insufficiency in 50-90% of patients
- C. aortic insufficiency is most often not recognized until late in the lst decade of life
- D. murmur of a supracristal VSD is usually heard at the mid to upper left sternal border
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Closure of asymptomatic supracristal VSDs at the time of diagnosis is not recommended.
Which among the following is a correct description for the condition 'mitral arcade'?
- A. Absent chordal insertions
- B. Absent papillary muscles
- C. Fused papillary muscles
- D. Elongated papillary muscles
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mitral arcade is characterized by fused papillary muscles.