Nokea
The following statements are true about screening:
- A. The sensitivity of a screening test is the extent of picking up true negatives
- B. Positive predictive value is dependent on the population being screened
- C. A good screening test is always inexpensive
- D. Screening for Duchenne muscular dystrophy is not practised, mainly because of the extent of false positives in the test
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The positive predictive value of a screening test is influenced by the prevalence of the condition in the population being screened.
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Features of severe haemophilia A include:
- A. Retroperitoneal bleed
- B. Chronic arthropathy
- C. Prolonged bleeding time
- D. Increased APTT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) is a characteristic feature of haemophilia A due to the deficiency of clotting factor VIII.
The wife of a client with Parkinson's disease expresses concern because her husband has lost so much weight. Which teaching is best for the nurse to provide?
- A. Invite friends over regularly to share in meal times
- B. Encourage the client to drink clear liquids between meals
- C. Coach the client to make an intentional effort to swallow
- D. Talk to the healthcare provider about prescribing an appetite stimulant
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Social interaction during meals can improve appetite and intake in clients with Parkinson's disease.
Common presenting features of myotonic dystrophy are:
- A. Floppy infant
- B. Corneal opacities
- C. Frontal baldness
- D. Macro-orchidism
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Macro-orchidism: Myotonic dystrophy is characterized by muscle weakness and myotonia. Macro-orchidism (enlarged testes) is a distinctive feature, especially in male patients.
While preparing to discharge an 8-month-old infant who is recovering from gastroenteritis and dehydration, the nurse teaches the parents about their infant’s dietary and fluid requirements. The nurse should include which other topic in the teaching session?
- A. Nursery schools
- B. Toilet Training
- C. Safety guidelines
- D. Preparation for surgery
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Safety guidelines are crucial for an 8-month-old infant who is becoming more mobile and curious, reducing the risk of accidents.
Cerebral salt wasting indicates all, except
- A. Low serum sodium
- B. High intravascular volume
- C. High urine output
- D. Low vasopressin level
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cerebral salt wasting is characterized by low serum sodium, high urine output, and low vasopressin levels, but it is associated with hypovolemia, not high intravascular volume.