Nokea
The following statements regarding retinoblastoma are correct:
- A. It is usually fatal even if diagnosis is made early
- B. The tumour is heritable
- C. They may occur bilaterally
- D. The finding of leucorrhoea suggests the diagnosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Retinoblastoma is heritable and can occur bilaterally. Early diagnosis improves prognosis, and leucorrhoea is not associated with retinoblastoma.
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Pregnancy is contraindicated in mothers with
- A. pulmonary hypertension
- B. ventricular septal defects
- C. prosthetic valves
- D. atrial septal defects
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pregnancy is contraindicated in severe pulmonary hypertension and unoperated cyanotic congenital heart disease.
An adult female client is diagnosed with restless leg syndrome and is referred to the sleep clinic. The healthcare provider prescribes ferrous sulfate (Feosol) 325 mg PO daily. Which laboratory values should the nurse monitor?
- A. Serum electrolytes
- B. Neutrophils and eosinophils
- C. Serum iron and ferritin
- D. Platelet count and hematocrit
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Serum iron and ferritin levels should be monitored because they are indicators of iron deficiency, which is a common cause of restless leg syndrome.
A pulmonary embolus occurring while the patient is on the combined oral contraceptive pill:
- A. Is more likely in anti-thrombin III deficiency
- B. Is more likely in protein C deficiency
- C. Is an absolute contraindication to the combined pill
- D. Is an increased risk in smokers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anti-thrombin III deficiency increases the risk of thromboembolic events, including pulmonary embolism, especially in patients on the combined oral contraceptive pill.
The parent of a 1-year-old child with tetralogy of Fallot asks the nurse, “Why do my child’s fingertips look like that?†On what understanding does the nurse base a response?
- A. Clubbing occurs as a result of untreated congestive heart failure.
- B. Clubbing occurs as a result of a left-to-right shunting of blood.
- C. Clubbing occurs as a result of decreased cardiac output.
- D. Clubbing occurs as a result of chronic hypoxia.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clubbing of the fingers develops in response to chronic hypoxia.
Whirlpool' sign in abdominal ultrasonogram is seen in
- A. Duodenal atresia
- B. Midgut volvulus
- C. Intussusception
- D. Anorectal malformation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The 'whirlpool' sign on abdominal ultrasound is characteristic of midgut volvulus, indicating twisting of the intestines around the mesenteric vessels.