Pharmacology HESI 2023

Pharmacology HESI 2023 Related

Review Pharmacology HESI 2023 related questions and content

The healthcare professional is preparing client teaching materials on commonly used medications. Which client is most likely to benefit from a client education package about simvastatin?

  • A. A 50-year-old male with a history of angina
  • B. A 75-year-old male with bone cancer
  • C. An 18-year-old pregnant female with diabetes
  • D. A 40-year-old female with frequent vaginal infections
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Simvastatin is a medication used to lower cholesterol levels and prevent cardiovascular diseases. It is commonly prescribed for individuals at risk of heart-related conditions. Angina is a symptom of underlying heart disease, and individuals with this condition would benefit most from simvastatin to help manage their cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. Therefore, the 50-year-old male with a history of angina is the most suitable candidate for client education regarding simvastatin.

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A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is prescribed omeprazole. The nurse should reinforce which instruction?

  • A. Take this medication in the morning before breakfast.
  • B. Take this medication with meals.
  • C. Avoid taking this medication with antacids.
  • D. Take this medication at bedtime.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client with GERD prescribed omeprazole is to take the medication in the morning before breakfast. Omeprazole works best when taken on an empty stomach, approximately 30 minutes before the first meal of the day. This timing maximizes its effectiveness in reducing stomach acid production and helps manage symptoms of GERD more efficiently.

A client with a history of atrial fibrillation is prescribed sotalol. The nurse should monitor for which potential side effect?

  • A. Bradycardia
  • B. Tachycardia
  • C. Headache
  • D. Hyperglycemia
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

A 59-year-old client is prescribed furosemide 40 mg twice a day for the management of heart failure. The practical nurse should monitor the client for the development of which complication?

  • A. Hypokalemia
  • B. Hyperchloremia
  • C. Hypercalcemia
  • D. Hypophosphatemia
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the kidneys, leading to increased potassium excretion and potentially causing hypokalemia. Hypokalemia can lead to cardiac irregularities, making it crucial for the practical nurse to monitor the client for this electrolyte imbalance.

A client is prescribed lisinopril for hypertension. What potential adverse effect should the practical nurse (PN) instruct the client to monitor for?

  • A. Persistent cough
  • B. Constipation
  • C. Increased appetite
  • D. Dry skin
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, commonly causes a persistent dry cough as an adverse effect. This cough is distinctive and different from other causes of cough. It is essential for the client to be aware of this potential side effect as it can indicate a serious issue. Instructing the client to monitor for a persistent cough and report it to the healthcare provider promptly is crucial to ensure timely intervention and management.

The healthcare professional is caring for a patient with a new order for an oral laxative. Which is a contraindication in administering an oral laxative?

  • A. Cardiac problems
  • B. Abdominal pain of unknown origin
  • C. Several hemorrhoids
  • D. Chronic constipation
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Administering an oral laxative to a patient with abdominal pain of unknown origin is contraindicated because it could be a sign of a more serious underlying condition that needs immediate medical evaluation. Giving a laxative in such a situation without proper diagnosis could potentially worsen the patient's condition or delay appropriate treatment.

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