HESI Maternity Test Bank

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The healthcare provider prescribes magnesium sulfate 6 grams intravenously (IV) to be infused over 20 minutes for a client with preterm labor. The IV bag contains magnesium sulfate 20 grams in dextrose 5% in water 500 mL. How many mL/hour should the nurse set the infusion pump?

  • A. 150 mL/hour
  • B. 250 mL/hour
  • C. 50 mL/hour
  • D. 275 mL/hour
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: To calculate the infusion rate, first, determine the total volume to be infused (6 grams of magnesium sulfate) over a specific time frame (20 minutes). Then, calculate the concentration of magnesium sulfate in the IV bag to determine the mL/hour rate. In this case, with 20 grams of magnesium sulfate in 500 mL of solution, there are 4 grams of magnesium sulfate per 100 mL. Since 6 grams are required, the nurse should set the pump to deliver 150 mL/hour to infuse the prescribed dose over 20 minutes. This calculation ensures the correct dose is delivered within the specified time frame.

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A 34-week primigravida woman with preeclampsia is receiving Lactated Ringer's 500ml with magnesium sulfate 20 grams at the rate of 3g/hr. How many ml/hr should the nurse program the infusion pump?

  • A. 75ml/hr
  • B. 100ml/hr
  • C. 50ml/hr
  • D. 25ml/hr
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: To calculate the infusion rate, divide the total quantity to be infused (500ml) by the total time (1 hour) which equals 500ml/hr. Since the magnesium sulfate is being given at 3g/hr, and 1g of magnesium sulfate is in 5ml of solution, the rate will be 3g/hr x 5ml/g = 15ml/hr. Therefore, the total infusion rate should be 500ml/hr + 15ml/hr = 515ml/hr. Hence, the nurse should program the infusion pump to deliver 75ml/hr (515ml/hr total - 500ml/hr Lactated Ringer's rate).

A client at 32-weeks gestation comes to the prenatal clinic with complaints of pedal edema, dyspnea, fatigue, and a moist cough. Which question is most important for the LPN/LVN to ask this client?

  • A. Which symptom did you experience first?
  • B. Are you eating large amounts of salty foods?
  • C. Have you visited a foreign country recently?
  • D. Do you have a history of rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Twenty minutes after a continuous epidural anesthetic is administered, a laboring client's blood pressure drops from 120/80 to 90/60. What action should the healthcare provider take?

  • A. Notify the healthcare provider or anesthesiologist immediately.
  • B. Continue to assess the blood pressure every 5 minutes.
  • C. Place the woman in a lateral position.
  • D. Turn off the continuous epidural.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Upon arrival in the nursery, a newborn infant is breathing satisfactorily but appears dusky. What action should the LPN/LVN take first?

  • A. Notify the healthcare provider immediately.
  • B. Suction the infant's nares, then the oral cavity.
  • C. Check the infant's oxygen saturation rate.
  • D. Position the infant on the right side.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The priority action in this scenario is to check the infant's oxygen saturation rate. This will provide crucial information on the infant's oxygen levels and the need for immediate oxygen therapy. Assessing oxygen saturation is essential in determining the severity of hypoxia and guiding further interventions to ensure adequate oxygenation.

An infant delivered vaginally by an HIV-positive mother is admitted to the newborn nursery. What intervention should the healthcare provider perform first?

  • A. Bathe the infant with an antimicrobial soap.
  • B. Measure the head and chest circumference.
  • C. Obtain the infant's footprints.
  • D. Administer vitamin K (AquaMEPHYTON).
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The initial intervention should be to bathe the infant with an antimicrobial soap to reduce the risk of HIV transmission from maternal fluids. This immediate action helps minimize potential exposure to the virus and promotes infection control practices in the care of infants born to HIV-positive mothers.

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