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The healthcare provider prescribes penicillin 200,000 units intramuscularly for a patient with pneumonia. The available vial is labeled 'Penicillin 500,000 units/mL'. How much penicillin should be administered to the patient?
- A. 0.2 mL
- B. 0.4 mL
- C. 0.6 mL
- D. 0.8 mL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dividing the prescribed dose (200,000 units) by the concentration (500,000 units/mL) yields 0.4 mL, the correct volume to administer.
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A client receives a prescription for 1 liter of lactated Ringer's intravenously (IV) to be infused over 8 hours. The IV administration set delivers 15 gtt/mL. How many mL/hr should the nurse program the infusion pump to deliver?
- A. 100 mL/hr
- B. 125 mL/hr
- C. 150 mL/hr
- D. 175 mL/hr
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dividing 1000 mL by 8 hours yields 125 mL/hr, the correct infusion rate.
An elderly patient is admitted with an acute onset of diverticulitis, and intravenous antibiotic therapy is started. What should the nurse do next?
- A. Elevate the head of the bed.
- B. Initiate a bowel prep protocol for surgery.
- C. Educate the patient on increasing dietary fiber.
- D. Maintain the patient's NPO status.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintaining NPO status rests the bowel, promoting healing during acute diverticulitis.
The nurse assesses a client with petechiae and ecchymosis scattered across the arms and legs. Which laboratory result should the nurse review?
- A. White blood cell count.
- B. Platelet count.
- C. Red blood cell count.
- D. Hemoglobin levels.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Platelet count is critical as low levels cause petechiae and ecchymosis due to bleeding tendencies.
An hour after administering 60 mg of furosemide intravenously (IV), which assessments should the nurse perform to determine the patient's response to treatment?
- A. Urinary output.
- B. Skin elasticity.
- C. Pain scale.
- D. Lung sounds.
- E. Oxygen saturation.
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Assessing urinary output, lung sounds, and oxygen saturation evaluates furosemide's effectiveness in reducing fluid overload and improving respiratory status.
A client who was recently diagnosed with Raynaud's disease is concerned about pain management. Which nursing instruction should the nurse provide?
- A. Painful areas should be rubbed gently until the pain subsides.
- B. Wearing gloves when handling cold items guards against painful spasms.
- C. Return appointments will be needed for IV pain medication.
- D. Enrolling in a pain clinic can provide pain relief alternatives.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Wearing gloves prevents cold-induced spasms, reducing pain in Raynaud's disease.