Nokea
The Healthy People initiative is a national agenda that aims to:
- A. Provide healthcare to all citizens
- B. Reduce health disparities and improve the health of all Americans
- C. Promote medical research
- D. Develop new healthcare technologies
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Healthy People initiative is a national agenda that focuses on reducing health disparities and improving the health of all Americans. Choice A is incorrect because the initiative is more about improving health outcomes and access rather than providing healthcare to all citizens. Choice C is not the main goal of the initiative, which is more about public health goals than medical research. Choice D is also not the primary aim of the Healthy People initiative, as it is more focused on setting objectives to improve public health.
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A 14-month-old had cleft palate surgical repair several days ago. The parents ask the nurse about feedings after discharge. Which lunch is the best example of an appropriate meal?
- A. Hot dog, carrot sticks, gelatin, milk
- B. Soup, blenderized soft foods, ice cream, milk
- C. Peanut butter and jelly sandwich, chips, pudding, milk
- D. Baked chicken, applesauce, cookie, milk
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choice B, 'Soup, blenderized soft foods, ice cream, milk,' is the correct answer. After cleft palate repair, it is essential to provide soft and blenderized foods to prevent trauma to the surgical site and promote proper healing. Choices A, C, and D contain foods that may be difficult for the child to consume comfortably and safely after a cleft palate surgical repair. A hot dog, carrot sticks, chips, and hard cookies could potentially cause injury or discomfort to the surgical area. Peanut butter and jelly sandwich might be too difficult to swallow or may stick to the surgical site. Baked chicken could be too challenging to chew. Therefore, the best choice for an appropriate meal post cleft palate repair is soft, blenderized foods like soup, along with other soft options like ice cream and milk.
The school nurse is called to the playground for an episode of mouth trauma. The nurse finds that the front tooth of a 9-year-old child has been avulsed (knocked out). After recovering the tooth, the initial response should be to
- A. Rinse the tooth in water before placing it in the socket
- B. Place the tooth in a clean plastic bag for transport to the dentist
- C. Hold the tooth by the roots until reaching the emergency room
- D. Ask the child to replace the tooth even if the bleeding continues
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct immediate action after recovering an avulsed tooth is to rinse it with water and place it back in the socket. This helps preserve the tooth and increases the chances of successful re-implantation. Placing the tooth in a clean plastic bag for transport to the dentist (choice B) is not ideal as immediate re-implantation is preferred. Holding the tooth by the roots until reaching the emergency room (choice C) can further damage the tooth. Asking the child to replace the tooth even if bleeding continues (choice D) is incorrect and may lead to improper re-implantation.
In order to establish priorities in planning and implementing the occupational health program, which of the following data will the nurse need?
- A. disease trends, birth and death rates, and social environmental conditions
- B. birth and death rates
- C. disease trends
- D. social environmental conditions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To effectively plan and implement an occupational health program, the nurse needs comprehensive data, including disease trends, birth and death rates, and social environmental conditions. This holistic approach ensures that the program addresses a wide range of health aspects impacting the target population. Option A is the correct choice as it considers multiple factors influencing occupational health. Choices B, C, and D are each individually important but do not provide the breadth of information required to establish priorities in a comprehensive occupational health program.
An infant has just returned from surgery for placement of a gastrostomy tube as an initial treatment for tracheoesophageal fistula. The mother asks, 'When can the tube be used for feeding?' The nurse's best response would be which of these comments?
- A. "Feedings can begin in 5 to 7 days."
- B. "The use of the feeding tube can begin immediately."
- C. "The stomach contents and air must be drained first."
- D. "The incision healing must be complete before feeding."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'The stomach contents and air must be drained first.' Before starting feedings through a gastrostomy tube, it is essential to drain the stomach contents and air. This process helps prevent complications and ensures the proper functioning of the tube after placement. Choice A is incorrect because initiating feedings within 5 to 7 days may lead to complications if the stomach is not adequately prepared. Choice B is incorrect as feeding should not begin immediately to allow for proper preparation of the tube and the stomach. Choice D is incorrect because although incision healing is important, draining the stomach contents and air is a more immediate concern to prevent complications.
Which presentation of an infectious disease is acquired through an indirect transmission?
- A. Syphilis contracted from a sexual partner.
- B. Measles resulting from a daycare center outbreak.
- C. Malaria following exposure in a mosquito-infested area.
- D. Nosocomial influenza spreading rapidly in a long-term care center.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Malaria is transmitted indirectly through mosquito bites. Choice A is incorrect as syphilis is acquired through direct contact with an infected sexual partner. Choice B is incorrect as measles can be transmitted through respiratory droplets in close contact settings like daycare centers. Choice D is incorrect as nosocomial influenza spreads within healthcare facilities through direct contact or droplets.