Nokea
The home care nurse is assessing the home environment of a patient who will be discharged from the hospital shortly after his laryngectomy. The nurse should inform the patient that he may need to arrange for the installation of which system in his home?
- A. A humidification system
- B. An air conditioning system
- C. A water purification system
- D. A radiant heating system
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse stresses the importance of humidification at home and instructs the family to obtain and set up a humidification system before the patient returns home. Air-conditioning may be too cool and too drying for the patient. A water purification system or a radiant heating system is not necessary.
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A nurse practitioner has provided care for three different patients with chronic pharyngitis over the past several months. Which patients are at greatest risk for developing chronic pharyngitis?
- A. Patients who are habitual users of alcohol and tobacco
- B. Patients who are habitual users of caffeine and other stimulants
- C. Patients who eat a diet high in spicy foods
- D. Patients who have gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chronic pharyngitis is common in adults who live and work in dusty surroundings, use the voice to excess, suffer from chronic cough, and habitually use alcohol and tobacco. Caffeine and spicy foods have not been linked to chronic pharyngitis. GERD is not a noted risk factor.
The nurse is caring for a patient whose recent unexplained weight loss and history of smoking have prompted diagnostic testing for cancer. What symptom is most closely associated with the early stages of laryngeal cancer?
- A. Hoarseness
- B. Dyspnea
- C. Dysphagia
- D. Frequent nosebleeds
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hoarseness is an early symptom of laryngeal cancer. Dyspnea, dysphagia, and lumps are later signs of laryngeal cancer. Alopecia is not associated with a diagnosis of laryngeal cancer.
As a clinic nurse, you are caring for a patient who has been prescribed an antibiotic for tonsillitis and has been instructed to take the antibiotic for 10 days. When you do a follow-up call with this patient, you are informed that the patient is feeling better and is stopping the medication after taking it for 4 days. What information should you provide to this patient?
- A. Keep the remaining tablets for an infection at a later time.
- B. Discontinue the medications if the fever is gone.
- C. Dispose of the remaining medication in a biohazard receptacle.
- D. Finish all the antibiotics to eliminate the organism completely.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse informs the patient about the need to take the full course of any prescribed antibiotic. Antibiotics should be taken for the entire 10-day period to eliminate the microorganisms. A patient should never be instructed to keep leftover antibiotics for use at a later time. Even if the fever or other symptoms are gone, the medications should be continued. Antibiotics do not need to be disposed of in a biohazard receptacle, though they should be discarded appropriately.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has just been diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis. While being admitted to the clinic, the patient asks, Will this chronic infection hurt my new kidney? What should the nurse know about chronic rhinosinusitis in patients who have had a transplant?
- A. The patient will have exaggerated symptoms of rhinosinusitis due to immunosuppression.
- B. Taking immunosuppressive drugs can contribute to chronic rhinosinusitis.
- C. Chronic rhinosinusitis can damage the transplanted organ.
- D. Immunosuppressive drugs can cause organ rejection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: URIs, specifically chronic rhinosinusitis and recurrent acute rhinosinusitis, may be linked to primary or secondary immune deficiency or treatment with immunosuppressive therapy (i.e., for cancer or organ transplantation). Typical symptoms may be blunted or absent due to immunosuppression. No evidence indicates damage to the transplanted organ due to chronic rhinosinusitis. Immunosuppressive drugs do not cause organ rejection.
The nurse is performing an assessment on a patient who has been diagnosed with cancer of the larynx. Part of the nurses assessment addresses the patients general state of nutrition. Which laboratory values would be assessed when determining the nutritional status of the patient?
- A. White blood cell count
- B. Protein level
- C. Albumin level
- D. Platelet count
- E. Glucose level
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: The nurse also assesses the patients general state of nutrition, including height and weight and body mass index, and reviews laboratory values that assist in determining the patients nutritional status (albumin, protein, glucose, and electrolyte levels). The white blood cell count and the platelet count would not normally assist in determining the patients nutritional status.