Nokea
The home care nurse is preparing to visit a client diagnosed with Ménière's disease. The nurse reviews the primary health care provider prescriptions and expects to educate the client on which dietary measure?
- A. A low-fiber diet with decreased fluids
- B. A low-sodium diet and fluid restriction
- C. A low-fat diet with a restriction of citrus fruits
- D. A low-carbohydrate diet and the elimination of red meats
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dietary changes such as salt and fluid restrictions that reduce the amount of endolymphatic fluid are sometimes prescribed for clients with Ménière's disease. None of the remaining options are prescribed for this disorder.
You may also like to solve these questions
A client diagnosed with a thrombotic stroke experiences periods of emotional lability. What should the nurse interpret this behavior as indicating?
- A. That the client is not adapting well to the disability
- B. That the problem is likely to get worse before it gets better
- C. That the client is experiencing the usual sequelae of a stroke
- D. That the client is experiencing the side effects of prescribed anticoagulants
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After a thrombotic stroke, the client often experiences periods of emotional lability, which are characterized by sudden bouts of laughing or crying or by irritability, depression, confusion, or being demanding. This is a normal part of the clinical picture of the client with this health problem, although it may be difficult for health care personnel and family members to deal with it. The other options are incorrect.
The nurse caring for a child diagnosed with kidney disease is analyzing the child's laboratory results and notes a sodium level of 148 mEq/L (148 mmol/L). On the basis of this finding, which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to note in the child?
- A. Lethargy
- B. Diaphoresis
- C. Cold, wet skin
- D. Dry, sticky mucous membranes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypernatremia occurs when the sodium level is more than 145 mEq/L (145 mmol/L). Clinical manifestations include intense thirst, oliguria, agitation, restlessness, flushed skin, peripheral and pulmonary edema, dry and sticky mucous membranes, nausea, and vomiting. None of the remaining options are associated with the clinical manifestations of hypernatremia.
A child diagnosed with seizures is being treated with carbamazepine. The nurse reviews the laboratory report for the results of the drug plasma level and determines that the plasma level is in a therapeutic range if which is noted?
- A. 1 mcg/mL (4.2 mcmol/L)
- B. 10 mcg/mL (42.3 mcmol/L)
- C. 18 mcg/mL (76.1 mcmol/L)
- D. 20 mcg/mL (84.6 mcmol/L)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When carbamazepine is administered, plasma levels of the medication need to be monitored periodically to check for the child's absorption of the medication. The amount of the medication prescribed is based on the results of this laboratory test. The therapeutic plasma level of carbamazepine is 5 to 12 mcg/mL (21.16 to 50.80 mcmol/L). Option 1 indicates a low level that possibly necessitates an increased medication dose. Options 3 and 4 identify elevated levels that indicate the need to decrease the medication dose.
The nurse is assigned to care for a child diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). What is the child's priority problem?
- A. Acute pain
- B. Potential difficulty with everyday tasks
- C. Impaired mobility causing potential injury
- D. Negative view of body because of activity intolerance
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: All of the problems identified in the options are appropriate for the child with JIA; however, acute pain must be managed before other problems can be addressed.
A child was diagnosed with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis and renal insufficiency. Which laboratory result should the nurse expect to note in the child?
- A. Urine positive for glucose and negative for protein
- B. Urine specific gravity of 1.020 and negative for red blood cells
- C. White blood cell count 18,000 mm^3 (18 × 10^9/L) and platelets 355,000 mm^3 (355 × 10^9/L)
- D. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 22 mg/dL (7.92 mmol/L) and creatinine levels of 2.1 mg/dL (185 mcmol/L)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: With poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, a urinalysis will reveal hematuria with red cell casts. Proteinuria is also present. If renal insufficiency is severe, the BUN and creatinine levels will be elevated. The WBC is usually within normal limits, and mild anemia is common. Platelets would be lower, whereas glucose is not related.