Nokea
The hospice nurse has just admitted a new patient to the program. What principle guides hospice care?
- A. Care addresses the needs of the patient as well as the needs of the family.
- B. Care is focused on the patient centrally and the family peripherally.
- C. The focus of all aspects of care is solely on the patient.
- D. The care team prioritizes the patients physical needs and the family is responsible for the patients emotional needs.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because hospice care is centered on a holistic approach that considers the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs of both the patient and their family. This principle recognizes that caring for a terminally ill patient involves supporting the entire family unit. Choice B is incorrect because family support is integral to hospice care. Choice C is incorrect because hospice care extends beyond just the patient to include their loved ones. Choice D is incorrect because the care team should address all aspects of care for both the patient and their family, not prioritize one over the other.
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A 16-year-old has come to the clinic and asks to talk to a nurse. The nurse asks the teen what she needs and the teen responds that she has become sexually active and is concerned about getting HIV. The teen asks the nurse what she can do keep from getting HIV. What would be the nurses best response?
- A. Theres no way to be sure you wont get HIV except to use condoms correctly.
- B. Only the correct use of a female condom protects against the transmission of HIV.
- C. There are new ways of protecting yourself from HIV that are being discovered every day.
- D. Other than abstinence, only the consistent and correct use of condoms is effective in preventing HIV.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it emphasizes the importance of consistent and correct condom use in preventing HIV transmission. Here's the rationale:
1. Abstinence is the most effective way to prevent HIV, but since the teen is sexually active, abstinence may not be feasible for her.
2. Using condoms consistently and correctly is the next best method for preventing HIV transmission during sexual activity.
3. Choice A is incorrect because it implies that using condoms is not effective, which is not true.
4. Choice B is incorrect because it only mentions female condoms, while both male and female condoms can be effective in preventing HIV.
5. Choice C is incorrect because while new prevention methods are being researched, the established method of consistent condom use remains the most effective.
A nurse has made a referral to a grief support group, knowing that many individuals find these both comforting and beneficial after the death of a loved one. What is the most important accomplishment available by attending a grief support group?
- A. Providing a framework for incorporating the old life into the new life
- B. Normalizing adaptation to a continuation of the old life
- C. Aiding in adjusting to using old, familiar social skills
- D. Normalization of feelings and experiences
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Normalization of feelings and experiences. Attending a grief support group helps individuals feel validated and understood by others who are going through similar emotions. This normalization can reduce feelings of isolation and provide a sense of belonging, which is crucial in the grieving process. It also allows individuals to recognize that their feelings and experiences are common reactions to loss.
Choice A is incorrect because a grief support group focuses more on accepting and processing the new reality rather than incorporating the old life into it. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests maintaining the old life rather than adjusting to a new normal. Choice C is incorrect because the focus of a grief support group is not solely on social skills but on emotional support and coping mechanisms.
The hospice nurse is caring for a 45-year-old mother of three young children in the patients home. During the most recent visit, the nurse has observed that the patient has a new onset of altered mental status, likely resulting from recently diagnosed brain metastases. What goal of nursing interventions should the nurse identify?
- A. Helping the family to understand why the patient needs to be sedated
- B. Making arrangements to promptly move the patient to an acute-care facility
- C. Explaining to the family that death is near and the patient needs around-the-clock nursing care
- D. Teaching family members how to interact with, and ensure safety for, the patient with impaired cognition
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The goal of nursing interventions in this scenario is to teach family members how to interact with and ensure safety for the patient with impaired cognition. This is the most appropriate response because it addresses the immediate need to provide the patient with appropriate care and support in their home environment. By educating the family on how to interact with the patient and ensure their safety, the nurse can help maintain a sense of normalcy for the patient and promote their well-being.
Choice A is incorrect because sedating the patient may not be the best approach without considering other interventions first. Choice B is incorrect as moving the patient to an acute-care facility may not be necessary or feasible at this time. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on end-of-life care rather than addressing the immediate need of supporting the patient with altered mental status.
A patient has been diagnosed with glaucoma and the nurse is preparing health education regarding the patients medication regimen. The patient states that she is eager to beat this disease and looks forward to the time that she will no longer require medication. How should the nurse best respond?
- A. You have a great attitude. This will likely shorten the amount of time that you need medications.
- B. In fact, glaucoma usually requires lifelong treatment with medications.
- C. Most people are treated until their intraocular pressure goes below 50 mm Hg.
- D. You can likely expect a minimum of 6 months of treatment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: In fact, glaucoma usually requires lifelong treatment with medications.
1. Glaucoma is a chronic condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure.
2. Lifelong treatment is usually necessary to manage intraocular pressure and prevent vision loss.
3. Stopping medication prematurely can lead to worsening of the condition.
4. Therefore, the nurse should educate the patient about the need for ongoing medication to manage glaucoma effectively.
Summary:
A: Incorrect. Having a positive attitude is beneficial, but it does not shorten the duration of glaucoma treatment.
C: Incorrect. The target intraocular pressure is usually below 21 mm Hg, not 50 mm Hg.
D: Incorrect. Glaucoma treatment is typically long-term, not limited to 6 months.
A nurse is inserting an indwelling urinary catheterfor a male patient. Which action will the nurse take?
- A. Hold the shaft of the penis at a 60-degree angle.
- B. Hold the shaft of the penis with the dominant hand.
- C. Cleanse the meatus 3 times with the same cotton ball from clean to dirty.
- D. Cleanse the meatus with circular strokes beginning at the meatus and working outward.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because cleansing the meatus with circular strokes starting at the meatus and moving outward helps prevent the introduction of bacteria into the urethra. This technique minimizes the risk of urinary tract infections. Holding the shaft at a 60-degree angle (A) or with the dominant hand (B) is not necessary for catheter insertion. Cleansing the meatus 3 times with the same cotton ball (C) can introduce more bacteria and is not recommended.