Nokea
The hospice nurse is caring for five clients from various religious backgrounds. Which observations should the nurse expect for the clients of the various religious backgrounds? Select all that apply.
- A. A client of the Muslim faith having his bed positioned toward Mecca
- B. A priest hearing the confession of the client who is of the Methodist faith
- C. An Asian client's family desiring the client to be moved to a room number of 4
- D. Meals on Friday do not include warm-blooded meats for the client of the Baptist faith
- E. A Hindu believing that the family arranges to have the client's body cremated within 24 hours of death
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Those of the Muslim faith desire their body to be facing Mecca. Those of the Hindu faith believe in cremation within 24 hours to release their soul from earthly attachments. A priest hears confessions of the Catholic faith, not the Methodist faith. The number 4 is avoided by those of an Asian background because it symbolizes death. Catholics, not Baptists, avoid warm-blooded meats on Fridays.
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The nurse is caring for a new immigrant from the Philippines. The client is 4 cm dilated and 30% effaced. This is her first child. The mother is grimacing; her pulse, respiratory rate, and blood pressure are elevated. The nurse offers to call the health care provider for an epidural prescription. The mother declines. The nurse should hypothesize that the client declined the epidural for which reason? Select all that apply.
- A. Filipino mothers fear drug addiction.
- B. Filipino mothers decrease their pain through a verbal release.
- C. Filipino mothers prefer to accept treatments for pain from their parteras.
- D. Filipino mothers are often stoic and view childbirth pain as a normal part of life.
- E. Filipino mothers believe that pain is a form of spiritual atonement for one's past deeds.
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Childbirth experiences differ among different nationalities. Filipino mothers fear drug addiction. They also believe that pain is a form of spiritual atonement. Hispanic and Arab-American mothers are more vocal during childbirth. Mexican mothers have parteras (specially trained persons) attend them during the childbirth process. Vietnamese mothers are quiet during childbirth and view it as a normal part of life.
The nurse is caring for a client who is of Asian descent and is assessing for client perceptions regarding nutrition. Which, in addition to the impact of food on disease and illness, should the nurse consider in order to provide culturally competent care?
- A. Educational background and employment history
- B. Familial support systems and financial well-being
- C. Client perception of body weight and size relative to culture
- D. Ability to purchase foods necessary for disease management
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When addressing nutrition for clients with diverse cultural backgrounds, dietary preferences, the impact of food on disease and illness, and client perception of body weight and size relative to culture must be considered. For example, clients who are not part of the Western culture may not consider obesity to be a major health indicator; therefore, teaching regarding weight reduction may be difficult. The other options address social and financial status and are not directly related to cultural considerations with regard to nutrition.
The nurse is participating in end-of-life care for a client who has recently immigrated from Vietnam. Which interventions should the nurse consider in the plan of care for this client? Select all that apply.
- A. Respect family wishes for use of herbal medicines.
- B. Recognize that the use of healers is a common practice.
- C. Have direct conversations with the matriarch of the family.
- D. Acknowledge that lack of eye contact does not mean disinterest.
- E. Allow someone from the family to stay with the body after death until burial.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Herbal medicine plays an important role in the care of the dying client, and family wishes to incorporate its use in care should be acknowledged and discussed with the primary health care provider. The nurse must realize that direct eye contact is considered impolite and should not be interpreted as a sign of disinterest. Southeast Asians have strong traditional families and extended families with male dominance. Healers are a practice of Native Americans. Staying with the body until burial is a practice associated with the Jewish religion.
The nurse is caring for a Jewish client who follows a kosher diet. Which foods should the nurse use in meal planning for the client? Select all that apply.
- A. Pork
- B. Tuna
- C. Apples
- D. Chicken
- E. Potatoes
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Clients who follow a kosher diet avoid meat from carnivores, pork products, and fish without scales or fins. Fruits and vegetables are considered kosher. Tuna, chicken, potatoes, and apples are also considered kosher and appropriate.
The nurse is caring for an older adult client of an unfamiliar ethnic culture. The nurse shows an understanding of the general principles of culturally sensitive interaction when implementing which interventions? Select all that apply.
- A. Addressing the client by his full surname in order to display respect
- B. Maintaining eye contact with the client so as to show respect for the client's age
- C. Utilizing the position of authority nurses hold to provide explanation of facility rules
- D. Touching the client only when necessary and only after explaining the need to do so
- E. Avoiding any frequent engagement with the client in conversation of a personal nature
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Although cultural sensitivities vary, it is generally prudent to show respect for an older client of any ethnic background by using his or her formal name. Personal conversations not required as part of the assessment process should be avoided, as should a show of authority. Maintaining eye contact is not universally taken to be a positive behavior and so may be limited until it is determined to be acceptable by the client. Physical touching by strangers is not readily accepted in many cultures and should be engaged in cautiously and only when necessary and with permission from the client.