TEAS Test 7 science

TEAS Test 7 science Related

Review TEAS Test 7 science related questions and content

The hypothalamus, a part of the brain, plays a crucial role in endocrine regulation. It secretes GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing hormone) which stimulates the pituitary gland to produce FSH and LH. What is the MAIN function of FSH and LH?

  • A. Regulate blood sugar levels
  • B. Control growth and development
  • C. Stimulate the fight-or-flight response
  • D. Maintain calcium homeostasis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: FSH (Follicle-stimulating hormone) and LH (Luteinizing hormone) are hormones produced by the pituitary gland in response to GnRH from the hypothalamus. FSH plays a key role in the growth and development of ovarian follicles in females and sperm production in males. LH is essential for the maturation of the ovarian follicle, ovulation, and the formation of the corpus luteum in females, as well as the production of testosterone in males. Therefore, the main function of FSH and LH is to control growth and development in the reproductive system. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the roles of FSH and LH in reproductive physiology. Regulating blood sugar levels is primarily the function of insulin and glucagon, controlling the fight-or-flight response involves hormones like adrenaline and noradrenaline, and maintaining calcium homeostasis is mainly regulated by parathyroid hormone and calcitonin.

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Which of the following terms refers to the abnormal sound heard during a stethoscope examination, potentially indicating a heart valve issue?

  • A. Tachycardia
  • B. Bradycardia
  • C. Heart murmur
  • D. Arrhythmia
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A heart murmur is an abnormal sound heard during a stethoscope examination of the heart. It can indicate issues with the heart valves, such as stenosis or regurgitation. Tachycardia refers to a fast heart rate, bradycardia refers to a slow heart rate, and arrhythmia refers to an irregular heart rhythm. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Heart murmur,' as it specifically relates to the abnormal sound heard during a stethoscope examination that may signal a heart valve issue.

In endocrine regulation, the feedback loop is a critical concept. In a negative feedback loop, high levels of a hormone can result in:

  • A. Further stimulating the release of the same hormone
  • B. Inhibiting the release of the hormone or its production
  • C. Having no effect on the hormone's regulation
  • D. Increasing the need for another hormone entirely
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a negative feedback loop, high levels of a hormone will inhibit the release of the hormone or its production. This mechanism is crucial for maintaining homeostasis by preventing excessive levels of hormones in the body. When a hormone reaches a certain concentration, it triggers the body to decrease its production or release, thereby ensuring a balance within the system. Choice A is incorrect because a negative feedback loop aims to counteract high hormone levels, not further stimulate them. Choice C is incorrect as high hormone levels do have an effect by triggering the feedback loop. Choice D is incorrect as the negative feedback loop operates within the same hormone system rather than increasing the need for an entirely different hormone.

What is the 3D structure of a protein called?

  • A. Tertiary structure
  • B. Secondary structure
  • C. Primary structure
  • D. Quaternary structure
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: - Primary structure refers to the linear sequence of amino acids in a protein.
- Secondary structure refers to local folded structures within a protein, such as alpha helices and beta sheets.
- Tertiary structure is the overall 3D shape of a protein, which is determined by interactions between amino acid side chains and the environment.
- Quaternary structure refers to the arrangement of multiple protein subunits in a protein complex.

Therefore, the 3D structure of a protein is called the tertiary structure because it represents the overall folding of the protein into a specific shape.

What is the name of the master gland that regulates the function of many other endocrine glands?

  • A. Thyroid gland
  • B. Pituitary gland
  • C. Hypothalamus
  • D. Adrenal gland
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The pituitary gland is commonly referred to as the master gland because it controls the functions of numerous other endocrine glands in the body. It secretes various hormones that are essential for regulating processes like growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress response. The thyroid gland (Choice A) primarily regulates metabolism and does not oversee other endocrine glands. The hypothalamus (Choice C) plays a role in regulating the pituitary gland but is not the master gland. The adrenal gland (Choice D) produces hormones related to stress response but is not considered the master gland that regulates other endocrine glands.

What is the role of RNA in the regulation of gene expression?

  • A. Provides energy for the process
  • B. Controls the timing and location of protein synthesis
  • C. Translates the genetic code into amino acids
  • D. Stores genetic information
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A) RNA does not provide energy for the process of gene expression. Energy is typically provided by molecules like ATP. B) RNA plays a crucial role in controlling the timing and location of protein synthesis through processes like transcriptional regulation, RNA splicing, and post-transcriptional modifications. It helps determine when and where specific proteins are produced in the cell. C) While mRNA translates the genetic code into amino acids during the process of translation, this is not the primary role of RNA in the regulation of gene expression. D) RNA does not store genetic information in the same way that DNA does. DNA is the molecule responsible for storing genetic information in the form of genes. Therefore, option B is the most appropriate choice as it accurately describes the role of RNA in regulating gene expression.

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