Nokea
The inability to fall asleep or stay asleep is called:
- A. Insomnia.
- B. Narcolepsy.
- C. Hypersomnia.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Insomnia. Insomnia refers to the inability to fall asleep or stay asleep, leading to difficulties in getting enough sleep. It is a common sleep disorder affecting many people. Narcolepsy (B) is a disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden sleep attacks. Hypersomnia (C) is a condition involving excessive daytime sleepiness but differs from insomnia. Choice D is incorrect as the term "insomnia" precisely describes the inability to fall or stay asleep.
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A patient with anorexia nervosa in outpatient treatment has begun refeeding. Between the first and second appointment, the patient gained 8 pounds. The nurse should:
- A. Praise the weight gain.
- B. Assess lung sounds and extremities.
- C. Suggest implementation of an exercise program.
- D. Establish a higher target for weight gain for the next week.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because assessing lung sounds and extremities is crucial after significant weight gain in a patient with anorexia nervosa to monitor for potential complications like refeeding syndrome. Praise in choice A may reinforce unhealthy behaviors. Choice C suggesting an exercise program may be harmful. Choice D could lead to excessive weight gain.
Which situation is consensual sex rather than rape?
- A. A husband forces vaginal sex when he comes home intoxicated from a party. The wife objects.
- B. A woman's lover pleads with her to have oral sex. She gives in but then regrets the decision.
- C. A person is beaten, robbed, and forcibly subjected to anal penetration by an assailant.
- D. A dentist gives anesthesia for a procedure and then has intercourse with the unconscious patient.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because, although the woman initially gave in to her lover's plea for oral sex, she later regretted the decision. Consent must be freely given without coercion or manipulation. In this scenario, the woman's regret indicates that her initial agreement was not genuine consent. Choice A involves force and lack of consent. Choice C depicts a violent and non-consensual act. Choice D involves taking advantage of a vulnerable and unconscious individual, which is also non-consensual.
A patient is admitted to the inpatient unit with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The patient has had episodes of school absenteeism, withdrawal from friends, and bizarre behavior, including talking to his or her 'keeper.' The psychiatric-mental health nurse's most appropriate response is to:
- A. acknowledge that the patient's perceptions seem real to him or her, and refocus the patient's attention on a task or activity
- B. encourage the patient to express his or her thoughts, to determine the meaning they have for the patient
- C. ignore the patient's bizarre behavior, because it will diminish after he or she has been given the correct medication
- D. inform the patient that his or her perceptions of reality have become distorted because of the illness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Validating the patient's experience while redirecting to reality-based activity builds trust and reduces agitation without confrontation.
A woman consults the nurse practitioner because she has not achieved orgasm for 2 years, despite having been sexually active. This is an example of
- A. Paraphilic disorder.
- B. Female orgasmic disorder.
- C. Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder.
- D. Female sexual interest/arousal disorder.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Female orgasmic disorder. This woman's inability to achieve orgasm despite being sexually active aligns with the diagnostic criteria for Female Orgasmic Disorder in the DSM-5. This disorder is characterized by a marked delay, absence, or decreased intensity of orgasm, which causes distress or interpersonal difficulty. Other choices are incorrect because Paraphilic Disorder refers to atypical sexual interests, Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder involves pain during intercourse, and Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder pertains to lack of interest in or arousal during sexual activity.
Emphasize that the battering pattern usually remains the same in frequency and severity.
- A. By emphasizing that the battering pattern usually remains the same in frequency, it indicates a consistent and recurring nature of the behavior in question.
- B. The battering pattern may change over time.
- C. The battering pattern is unpredictable.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because emphasizing that the battering pattern usually remains the same in frequency highlights the consistent and recurring nature of the behavior. This implies that the pattern is predictable and stable. Choice B is incorrect because it contradicts the idea of consistency in the battering pattern. Choice C is incorrect because it suggests unpredictability, which goes against the notion of the pattern remaining the same. Choice D is incorrect because option A aligns with the concept of the battering pattern being consistent in frequency and severity.