Nokea
The inability to fall asleep or stay asleep is called:
- A. Insomnia.
- B. Narcolepsy.
- C. Hypersomnia.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Insomnia. Insomnia refers to the inability to fall asleep or stay asleep, leading to difficulties in getting enough sleep. It is a common sleep disorder affecting many people. Narcolepsy (B) is a disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden sleep attacks. Hypersomnia (C) is a condition involving excessive daytime sleepiness but differs from insomnia. Choice D is incorrect as the term "insomnia" precisely describes the inability to fall or stay asleep.
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When people successfully adapt to their environment by using logical thought and socially appropriate ways, they are said to be functioning at the adaptive end of the _____ continuum.
- A. Emotional
- B. Self-protective
- C. Neurobiological
- D. Psychobiological
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Neurobiological. This is because neurobiological factors refer to the brain's functioning and how it affects behavior and cognition. When individuals adapt to their environment using logical thought and socially appropriate ways, it indicates a high level of cognitive and behavioral functioning, which is closely tied to neurobiological processes.
A: Emotional is incorrect because emotional factors focus on feelings and affective responses, not necessarily on logical thought and social appropriateness.
B: Self-protective is incorrect as it pertains to behaviors aimed at ensuring one's safety and security, which may not necessarily involve logical thought and social appropriateness.
D: Psychobiological is incorrect as it encompasses the interaction between psychological and biological processes, which may not specifically relate to adaptive functioning in the given context.
A patient with anorexia nervosa begins to refuse food. The nurse should first:
- A. Speak with the patient's family about the refusal.
- B. Focus on the patient's emotional distress and discuss it.
- C. Redirect the patient to a different activity to distract them.
- D. Encourage the patient to eat a small, manageable portion of food.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because encouraging the patient to eat a small, manageable portion of food is the most immediate and vital intervention in addressing the patient's refusal to eat. This step is crucial in preventing further complications associated with anorexia nervosa, such as malnutrition and dehydration. By starting with a small portion, the patient can gradually reintroduce food and begin the process of recovery.
A: Speaking with the family may be important but not the first step in addressing the patient's refusal to eat.
B: Focusing on emotional distress is important but addressing the physical need for food should take priority.
C: Redirecting the patient to a different activity may temporarily distract them but does not address the underlying issue of malnutrition.
An 85-year-old has difficulty walking after a knee replacement. The patient tells the nurse, 'Its awful to be old. Every day is a struggle. No one cares about old people.' Select the nurses best response.
- A. Everyone here cares about old people. Thats why we work here.'
- B. It sounds like youre having a difficult time. Tell me about it.'
- C. Lets not focus on the negative. Tell me something good.'
- D. You are still able to get around, and your mind is alert.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse uses empathetic understanding to permit the patient to express frustration and clarify her struggle for the nurse. The distracters block communication.
The parent of a seriously mentally ill adult asks the nurse, 'Why are you making a referral to a vocational rehabilitation program? My child wont ever be able to hold a job.' Which is the nurses best reply?
- A. We make this referral to continue eligibility for federal funding.'
- B. Are you concerned that were trying to make your child too independent?'
- C. If you think the program would be detrimental, we can postpone it for a time.'
- D. Most patients are capable of employment at some level, competitive or supported.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Studies have shown that most patients who complete vocational rehabilitation programs are capable of some level of employment. They also demonstrate significant improvement in assertiveness and work behaviors as well as decreased depression.
An appropriate intervention for a client with an identified nursing diagnosis of Situational low self-esteem would be:
- A. Encouraging verbalization of feelings in a safe environment
- B. Attempting to determine triggers to hallucinations
- C. Engaging client in activities designed to permit success
- D. Providing large muscle activities to relieve stress
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Engaging client in activities designed to permit success. This intervention is appropriate for addressing situational low self-esteem as it focuses on building the client's self-confidence through successful experiences. Engaging in activities that the client can excel at helps boost self-esteem and self-worth. By providing opportunities for success, the client can gain a sense of accomplishment, leading to improved self-esteem.
A: Encouraging verbalization of feelings in a safe environment may be beneficial for emotional expression, but it does not directly address building self-esteem through success.
B: Attempting to determine triggers to hallucinations is unrelated to addressing situational low self-esteem.
D: Providing large muscle activities to relieve stress may be helpful for stress management but does not directly target improving self-esteem through success.