Nokea
The infection control nurse reviews guidelines with other nurses. Which of the following statements by the nurses would indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?
- A. The nurse should wear a surgical mask when transporting a client with active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).
- B. Disposable utensils must be provided for a client infected with hepatitis B.
- C. A surgical mask should be worn when working within three feet of the client infected with Neisseria meningitidis.
- D. A surgical gown should be applied when entering a client's room with bacterial pneumonia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neisseria meningitidis requires droplet precautions, including a surgical mask within 3 feet. TB requires an N95 mask, hepatitis B does not need disposable utensils, and bacterial pneumonia requires standard precautions.
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The infection control nurse is conducting rounds on the nursing unit and should ensure which conditions are isolated with droplet precautions? Select all that apply.
- A. Clostridium difficile
- B. Cryptococcal meningitis
- C. Mycoplasma pneumonia
- D. Haemophilus influenzae, type b pneumonia
- E. Rheumatic fever
- F. Varicella Zoster
- G. Scabies
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Mycoplasma pneumonia and Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia require droplet precautions. Others require contact or standard precautions.
The nurse is discussing infection control with a group of nursing students. Which indication would be appropriate for the nurse to use an alcohol-based sanitizer? Select all that apply.
- A. Immediately before touching a client
- B. After applying sterile gloves
- C. When changing linens for a client infected with Clostridium difficile
- D. After changing a diaper for an infant infected with norovirus
- E. After collecting vital signs on a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Alcohol-based sanitizers are effective before touching a client and after non-soiled contact like vital signs for HIV. They are ineffective for C. difficile or norovirus, and hand washing is needed after applying gloves.
The nurse observes a newly hired nurse apply bilateral soft-wrist restraints to a client. Which action by the newly hired nurse requires follow-up?
- A. Secures the restraint to the frame of the bed
- B. Repositions the client from semi-Fowler's to prone.
- C. Provides easy access to the quick release buckle
- D. Assesses the radial pulse every two hours
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Positioning the client prone with wrist restraints is unsafe and increases risk of injury or respiratory compromise.
The nurse observes that a fire has ignited in the client's room. After removing the client from the room, the nurse should then
- A. activate the fire alarm.
- B. extinguish the fire.
- C. contact the nursing supervisor.
- D. close the door to the client's room.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Following the RACE protocol (Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish), after rescuing the client, the nurse should activate the fire alarm to alert others and initiate emergency response.
The nurse is caring for a post-operative client at high risk for pneumonia. Which intervention would be most effective in the prevention of this complication?
- A. Passive range of motion
- B. Sequential compression devices (SCDs)
- C. Early ambulation
- D. Prophylactic antibiotics
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Early ambulation promotes lung expansion and secretion clearance, reducing pneumonia risk. Other options are less effective for this purpose.