Pharmacology and the Nursing Process Test Bank

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The LPN is caring for a patient in the preoperative period who, even after verbalizing concerns and having questions answered, states, “I know I am not going to wake up after surgery.” Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

  • A. Reassure patient everything will be all right
  • B. Explain national surgery death rate
  • C. Inform the registered nurse
  • D. Ask family to comfort the patient
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Inform the registered nurse. This is the best course of action as the LPN should escalate the situation to a higher level of care by involving the registered nurse who can further assess the patient's concerns and provide appropriate interventions.

A. Reassuring the patient may not address the underlying fear and may not be sufficient to alleviate their anxiety.
B. Providing statistics about surgery death rates may further escalate the patient's fears and anxiety, causing more harm than good.
D. Involving the family to comfort the patient may not address the patient's specific concerns and may not be within the family's scope of understanding or expertise to effectively address the situation.

Informing the registered nurse allows for a more comprehensive assessment and appropriate intervention to address the patient's fears and concerns in a holistic manner.

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When a client is receiving blood which of the ff nursing actions is essential to determine if chilling is the result of an emerging complication or of infusing cold blood?

  • A. Monitoring the client’s temperature before, during, and after transfusion
  • B. Documenting the client’s temp after the transfusion
  • C. Documenting the temp of the blood before the transfusion
  • D. Comparing the client’s temp with the temp of the blood
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because monitoring the client's temperature before, during, and after the transfusion allows the nurse to identify any changes or trends that may indicate a complication related to the blood transfusion. This comprehensive monitoring helps differentiate between a normal body response to cold blood infusion and a potential adverse reaction.

Choice B is incorrect because documenting the client's temperature only after the transfusion may miss important changes during the process. Choice C is incorrect as the temperature of the blood before transfusion does not directly indicate the client's response to the chilled blood. Choice D is incorrect as comparing the client's temperature with the temperature of the blood alone does not provide a complete picture of the client's condition throughout the transfusion process.

If Mr. Franco’s Right side is weak, What should be the most accurate analysis by the nurse?

  • A. Expressive aphasia is prominent on clients with right sided weakness
  • B. The affected lobe in the patient is the Right lobe
  • C. The client will have problems in judging distance and proprioception
  • D. Clients orientation to time and space will be much affected NEUROLOGIC NURSING Situation: A computer analyst, Mr. Ricardo J. Santos, 25 was brought to the hospital for diagnostic workup after he had experienced seizure in his office.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the right side weakness indicates a lesion in the left hemisphere of the brain. The brain's motor functions are contralaterally controlled, meaning the left hemisphere controls the right side of the body. Therefore, a right-sided weakness suggests a lesion in the left hemisphere. The other choices are incorrect because expressive aphasia is associated with left hemisphere lesions, judgment of distance and proprioception are more related to parietal lobe lesions, and orientation to time and space is not directly linked to right-sided weakness.

Which of the ff. would the nurse explain to the patient is the triad of symptoms associated with Meniere’s disease?

  • A. Hearing loss, vertigo, and tinnitus
  • B. Nausea, vomiting and pain
  • C. Nystagmus, headache and vomiting
  • D. Nystagmus, vomiting and pain
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hearing loss, vertigo, and tinnitus. Meniere's disease is characterized by a triad of symptoms: recurrent episodes of vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss, and tinnitus. Vertigo is a spinning sensation, hearing loss affects the inner ear, and tinnitus is ringing in the ear. Nausea, vomiting, pain, nystagmus, or headache are not typically part of the classic triad of Meniere's disease symptoms. Therefore, option A is the most appropriate choice based on the specific symptomatology associated with Meniere's disease.

A narcotic analgesic is ordered for postoperative pain. Why are narcotics given in low doses to the laryngectomy patient?

  • A. They depress the respiratory rate and cough reflex.
  • B. They increase respiratory tract secretions.
  • C. They have a tendency to cause stomal edema.
  • D. They can cause addiction.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because narcotics in high doses can depress the respiratory rate and cough reflex, which can be especially dangerous for a laryngectomy patient due to the risk of airway compromise. Low doses can provide pain relief without significant respiratory depression. Choices B and C are incorrect because narcotics typically do not increase respiratory tract secretions or cause stomal edema. Choice D is incorrect because while narcotics can potentially cause addiction, this is not the primary reason for giving low doses to laryngectomy patients.

A client is admitted for postoperative assessment and recovery after surgery for a kidney tumor. The nurse needs to assess for signs of urinary tract infection. Which of the ff measures can be used to help detect UTI?

  • A. Encourage the client to breathe deeply and cough every 2hrs
  • B. Monitor temperature every 4hrs
  • C. Splint the incision when repositioning the client
  • D. Irrigate tubes as ordered CARING FOR CLIENTS WITH DISORDERS OF THE BLADDER AND URETHRA
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monitor temperature every 4hrs. This is crucial in detecting signs of urinary tract infection as fever is a common symptom. Monitoring temperature regularly allows for early detection and appropriate intervention.

A: Encouraging the client to breathe deeply and cough every 2hrs is a measure to prevent respiratory complications postoperatively, not related to UTI detection.
C: Splinting the incision when repositioning the client is important for wound care, not for detecting UTI.
D: Irrigating tubes as ordered is a specific intervention for tube care, not for monitoring UTI symptoms.

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