Nokea
The LPN is teaching a first-time mother about breastfeeding her newborn. Which statement, if made by the mother, would reflect that the teaching had been successful?
- A. My baby should be having at least 4-6 wet diapers a day until 1 month.
- B. It's nice that breastfed babies eat a bit less than formula fed babies.
- C. My baby should be nursing 8-12 times a day during this period.
- D. I'm a little nervous about my milk coming in tomorrow. I've heard it's uncomfortable.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Newborns should be nursing 8-12 times during the newborn period. Until a mother's milk comes in, babies typically have a wet diaper count that corresponds to the number of days since their birth (one wet diaper for a 1-day-old baby, and so on). Once they are getting milk and not colostrum, infants should have 4-6 wet diapers a day. A mother's milk usually comes in 3-4 days after the initial colostrum stage. Breast milk is digested faster than formula, so breastfed babies typically eat more frequently.
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A client asks a nurse working in a dental office what type of drug the dentist uses to provide anesthesia during the extraction of the client's wisdom teeth. The dentist uses an anesthetic gas, also known as laughing gas. This agent is:
- A. nitrous oxide.
- B. nitrogen.
- C. nitric oxide.
- D. nitrogen dioxide.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nitrous oxide produces analgesia and is often used for minor surgery and dental procedures that do not require loss of consciousness. It can also produce a mild euphoria in some clients.
A nurse working a surgical unit, notices a patient is experiencing SOB, calf pain, and warmth over the posterior calf. All of these may indicate which of the following medical conditions?
- A. Patient may have a DVT.
- B. Patient may be exhibiting signs of dermatitis.
- C. Patient may be in the late phases of CHF.
- D. Patient may be experiencing anxiety after surgery.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: All of these factors (SOB, calf pain, and warmth) indicate a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which can be a postoperative complication.
The nurse completes teaching the client who has PD about taking benztropine. Which statements made by the client indicate that teaching is effective? Select all that apply.
- A. I plan to crush the tablets so that they are easier to swallow.
- B. I should refrain from taking over-the-counter medications.
- C. Once my symptoms improve, I can stop taking benztropine.
- D. Benztropine can cause drooling and excessive secretions.
- E. I should avoid driving until I know how benztropine affects me.
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: A: Benztropine (Cogentin) may be crushed; this statement indicates teaching is effective. B: Many OTC medications contain alcohol. Alcohol should be avoided because it is another CNS depressant, and additive drowsiness can occur. This statement indicates teaching is effective. C: Benztropine should not be abruptly discontinued; symptoms will recur, and it may precipitate parkinsonian crisis. D: Benztropine is an anticholinergic that will cause a dry mouth, not drooling and increased secretions. E: Because benztropine (Cogentin) is a CNS depressant, driving should be avoided until the effects of the medication are known. This statement indicates teaching is effective.
The 30-year-old has been taking olanzapine for the past 5 years for the treatment of schizophrenia. The client, who has a positive family history of DM, is now overweight but is not showing signs of hyperglycemia. When the client asks about the next steps for treatment, how should the nurse respond?
- A. You'll be started on an oral hyperglycemic agent.
- B. I will be teaching you how to self-administer insulin.
- C. You'll need to have a fasting blood glucose level drawn.
- D. Olanzapine will be discontinued and another drug started.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Due to the risk of hyperglycemia with olanzapine (Zyprexa), blood glucose testing is needed to determine if medication therapy is indicated.
The adolescent, who is receiving morphine sulfate via PCA, has itching. Which medication listed on the client's MAR should the nurse plan to administer to relieve the itching?
- A. Diazepam
- B. Diphenhydramine
- C. Naloxone hydrochloride
- D. Butenafine hydrochloride
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A: Diazepam (Valium) acts on the CNS to produce sedation, hypnosis, skeletal muscle relaxation, and anticonvulsant activity. B: Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is an antihistamine that blocks histamine release by competing for the histamine receptors. C: Naloxone (Narcan) is a narcotic antagonist that reverses the effects of opiates. D: Butenafine (Mentax) is an antifungal antibiotic used to treat tinea pedis, tinea corporis, and tinea cruris.