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The LPN on the clinical unit is discussing client medication administration. The medication nurse states, 'I crushed the medication because the nurse on the prior shift told me to do it.' This statement indicates a lack of which of the following?
- A. Responsibility
- B. Management
- C. Accountability
- D. Leadership
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Accountability means being answerable for one's actions. Following another's actions and using that as a rationale is not being accountable for the action taken. Responsibility is the duty or assignment to a specific task. Management entails assigning functions to meet particular objectives. Leadership provides guidance to achieve common goals.
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An LPN is a team leader for three nursing assistants covering a unit in a long-term care facility. At the beginning of each shift, the LPN instructs the nursing assistants to decide among themselves their client assignments. The LPN administers the clients' medications and some treatments but rarely checks in with the nursing assistants during the shift. The LPN's behavior reflects which managerial style?
- A. Authoritarian
- B. Laissez-faire
- C. Democratic
- D. Multicratic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Laissez-faire leadership involves the least structure and control. In this scenario, the LPN allows the nursing assistants to make their own assignments and rarely checks in with them during the shift. This allows for minimal communication, which is one of the characteristics of the laissez-faire leadership style. Authoritarian leadership entails strong control by the manager over the work group, which is not demonstrated in this scenario. Democratic leadership involves more participation in decision-making by the work group. Although the nursing assistants decided among themselves about the client assignments, the LPN did not participate in the decision-making at all. There is also no communication between the nursing assistants and the LPN, which is not a characteristic of the democratic leadership style. Multicratic leadership allows a leader to determine which approach is best for a particular circumstance. This characteristic is not demonstrated in the scenario.
Which of the following is an advantage of democratic leadership?
- A. Tasks are accomplished without staff input.
- B. Leaders see themselves as coworkers.
- C. Quick decision making occurs.
- D. Managers provide support and freedom for employees.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Democratic leadership involves more participation in decision-making by the work group. Leaders with this style often see themselves as coworkers. Authoritarian leadership allows little input from staff for decisions. In laissez-faire leadership, the manager leaves the work group to set goals, make decisions, and take responsibility for their own management.
The manager of the surgical unit is presenting the benefits of a new computer documentation system on reducing the nurse's time documenting, thus increasing the time to care for clients at the bedside. Increasing nurse excitement in the changes within the system is a form of which type of power?
- A. Referent power
- B. Motivational power
- C. Legitimate power
- D. Authoritarian power
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Motivational power refers to the ability to create enthusiasm for a collaborative project or achievement of a common goal. Referent power relates to being in or associating with someone who is in the position of power. Legitimate power is afforded to the management position but is not the best answer for this scenario. Authoritarian power relates to leadership styles.
Which of the following roles of a nurse is an example of legitimate power?
- A. Director of nursing
- B. Team leader making assignments
- C. Head nurse scheduling vacations
- D. Shift supervisor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Legitimate power is power by virtue of the management position. Director of nursing is an example of legitimate power. Team leader making assignments is an example of reward power. Head nurse scheduling vacations is an example of coercive power. Shift supervisor is an example of referent power.
The licensed practical nurse (LPN) and other nursing staff on a rehabilitation unit are meeting to discuss an assigned client's progress. This is an example of which function?
- A. Time management
- B. Collaboration
- C. Advocacy
- D. Resource management
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Collaboration involves a team effort to achieve client care outcomes. Time management involves organizing time, delegating tasks to other personnel, and optimizing available time. Advocacy is a means of promoting the cause of another person or organization. Resource management means using resources, which include money, supplies, equipment, buildings, and personnel, optimally.