Nokea
The major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid are:
- A. potassium and chloride.
- B. potassium and phosphate.
- C. sodium and chloride.
- D. sodium and phosphate.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sodium and chloride are the major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid.
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The nurse is preparing to administer the client's medication for treatment of TB. Which medication, if on the client's MAR, should the nurse plan to administer?
- A. Isoniazid
- B. Fluconazole
- C. Azithromycin
- D. Acyclovir
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A: Isoniazid (INH) is an antimycobacterial medication affecting bacterial cell wall synthesis; it is used in the treatment of TB or other mycobacterial infections. B: Fluconazole (Diflucan) is an antifungal agent that inhibits synthesis of fungal sterols, a necessary component of the cell membrane. C: Azithromycin (Zithromax) is a macrolide antibiotic that is bacteriostatic against susceptible bacteria and is usually used for treating lower respiratory tract infections, skin infections, acute otitis media, tonsillitis, or Mycobacterium avium. D: Acyclovir (Zovirax) is an antiviral agent limited to treatment of herpes viruses.
The client's dose of mirtazapine was increased from 15 to 30 mg at bedtime two days ago. When the nurse is preparing to administer mirtazapine, the client reports having insomnia, irritability, and panic attacks. What should the nurse do next?
- A. Document the symptoms, hold the dose, and notify the HCP.
- B. Telephone the HCP to request a pm sedative to help the client sleep.
- C. Have the client participate in a card game with other clients on the unit.
- D. Reassure the client that these symptoms will subside after taking this dose.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mirtazapine (Remeron) is an antidepressant. Adverse effects include insomnia, irritability, panic attacks, and suicidal ideation. A change in medication may be needed rather than a dosage increase.
The nurse is performing a health history on the child with ADHD who is being evaluated for treatment with psychostimulants. Which information is most critical to collect prior to treatment with psychostimulants?
- A. Musculoskeletal history
- B. Genitourinary history
- C. Immunization history
- D. Cardiovascular history
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cardiovascular history is critical due to contraindications of psychostimulants in certain CV conditions.
The 17-year-old female is about to have a drug screen test for employment. The adolescent tells the nurse of a recent UTI that was treated with antibiotics. Which antibiotic, if identified by the client, could produce a false-positive urine screening test for opioids?
- A. Cephalexin
- B. Ceftazidime
- C. Amoxicillin
- D. Ciprofloxacin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A: Cephalexin (Keflex) does not interfere with urine testing for opioids. B: Ceftazidime (Fortaz), a cephalosporin, does not interfere with urine testing for opioids. C: Amoxicillin (Amoxil), an aminopenicillin, does not interfere with urine testing for opioids. D: Fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin (Cipro), can cause false-positive urine opiate screens.
Which of the following is not considered one of the main mechanisms of Type II Diabetes treatment?
- A. Medications
- B. Nutrition
- C. Increased activity
- D. Continuous Insulin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Insulin is not required in continuous treatment for every Type II diabetic, as many can manage with lifestyle changes and oral medications.