Nokea
Which of the following structures is responsible for the initial mechanical breakdown of food during mastication?
- A. Tongue
- B. Pharynx
- C. Salivary glands
- D. Teeth
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Teeth. Teeth are responsible for the initial mechanical breakdown of food during mastication. Step 1: Teeth use their hard surfaces to chew and grind food into smaller pieces. Step 2: This process increases the surface area of the food, making it easier for digestive enzymes to break down. Step 3: The tongue aids in moving the food around the mouth but does not break down the food mechanically. Pharynx is responsible for swallowing, not mastication. Salivary glands produce saliva that helps in the lubrication and digestion of food, but they do not directly participate in the mechanical breakdown of food.
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During admission, the nurse needs to take the patient`s obstetric Al data. Which of the following the Most important?
- A. Laboratory results
- B. Prenatal check-up records
- C. Previous pregnancy experience
- D. Diagnostic test results
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Previous pregnancy experience is crucial for understanding the patient's obstetric history and potential risks.
Step 2: It helps in identifying any complications or issues that may arise during the current pregnancy.
Step 3: Laboratory results, prenatal check-up records, and diagnostic test results provide additional information but do not offer insights into the patient's past pregnancy experiences.
Summary: Choice C is the most important as it directly relates to the patient's obstetric history, while the other options focus on current data that may not provide the same level of context.
A patient presents with excessive thirst, large volumes of dilute urine, and low urine osmolality. Laboratory tests reveal hypernatremia and elevated serum osmolality. Which endocrine disorder is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
- A. Hyperthyroidism
- B. Hypothyroidism
- C. Diabetes mellitus
- D. Diabetes insipidus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Diabetes insipidus. This condition is characterized by excessive thirst, large volumes of dilute urine, low urine osmolality, hypernatremia, and elevated serum osmolality. The underlying cause is a deficiency in or insensitivity to antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to the inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine properly. Hyperthyroidism (choice A) and hypothyroidism (choice B) do not directly affect urine concentration. While diabetes mellitus (choice C) can also present with polyuria and polydipsia, it would typically have high urine osmolality due to the presence of glucose. Therefore, diabetes insipidus is the most likely endocrine disorder responsible for these specific symptoms.
Bel1le has a difficulty tolerating frustration The GOAL Of the nurse is to assist Belle to ________.
- A. increase her self-esteem
- B. recognize her need
- C. cope with anxiety
- D. mobilize her resources
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: cope with anxiety. The nurse's goal is to address Belle's difficulty tolerating frustration, which likely leads to anxiety. By helping Belle develop coping strategies for managing her anxiety, the nurse can assist her in handling frustration more effectively. Options A, B, and D are incorrect because increasing self-esteem, recognizing needs, and mobilizing resources may be important aspects of Belle's overall care but are not directly related to addressing her difficulty with frustration and anxiety. Focusing on coping with anxiety directly targets the root issue and is the most appropriate goal in this context.
A nurse is conducting a discharge planning assessment for a patient preparing to transition home. What action by the nurse demonstrates continuity of care?
- A. Providing the patient with written discharge instructions only
- B. Discharging the patient without coordinating follow-up care or support services
- C. Communicating with the patient's primary care provider and community resources
- D. Disregarding the patient's concerns and preferences during the discharge process Specialized Nursing Procedures
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because communicating with the patient's primary care provider and community resources demonstrates continuity of care. This action ensures a seamless transition from the hospital to home by keeping all involved parties informed and involved in the patient's care. Option A (written discharge instructions only) may provide information but lacks coordination with other healthcare providers. Option B (discharging without follow-up care coordination) can lead to gaps in care. Option D (disregarding patient concerns) goes against patient-centered care and can disrupt the continuity of care.
To achieve organized work flow in the unit the staff must be aware of the head nurse's role. What is the PRIMARY purpose of supervision and delegation?
- A. Enhances the delivery of quality nursing care
- B. Influences organization's approach in personnel evaluation
- C. Improves staff attendance in seminars
- D. Assigns any staff to do the tasks or project.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Enhances the delivery of quality nursing care. Supervision and delegation are essential in ensuring efficient and effective healthcare delivery. By supervising and delegating tasks appropriately, the head nurse can ensure that staff members are performing their duties competently, which ultimately leads to improved quality of patient care. Supervision helps in monitoring staff performance, providing feedback, and offering guidance when needed. Delegation ensures that tasks are allocated to the right staff members based on their skills and abilities, optimizing the workflow. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the primary purpose of supervision and delegation, which is to enhance the quality of nursing care through effective oversight and task allocation.