Nokea
The mean weight of 500 college students is 70 kg and the standard deviation is 3 kg. Assuming that the weight is normally distributed, determine how many students weigh more than 90 kg.
- B. 5
- C. 10
- D. 15
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Z-score: (90-70)/3 = 6.67. P(Z > 6.67) is effectively 0 since it's far beyond the normal distribution's tail (P(Z < 6.67) ≈ 1), so 0 students, consistent with the document's calculation.
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Brands of pancreatic enzyme replacement drugs are:
- A. Bioequivalent
- B. About the same in cost per unit of lipase across brands
- C. Able to be interchanged between generic and brand-name products to reduce cost
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pancreatic enzymes vary in potency and aren't bioequivalent or interchangeable ; cost differs .
A nurse is caring for a patient taking multiple drugs and is concerned about a possible drug-drug interaction. What is the nurse's first and best means of avoiding this problem?
- A. Consult a drug guide.
- B. Call the pharmacist.
- C. Contact the provider.
- D. Ask another nurse.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Whenever two or more drugs are being given together, first consult a drug guide for a listing of clinically significant drug-drug interactions. Sometimes problems can be avoided by staggering the administration of the drugs or adjusting their dosages. Consulting the pharmacist is not wrong, but it would not be the first action to take. The nurse holds responsibility for his or her own practice so asking a health care provider or another nurse is based on the assumption that that professional is knowledgeable about all drug-drug interactions, which is likely not the case.
Which of the following is a contraindication of glucocorticoid use?
- A. Psychosis
- B. Allergic dermatitis
- C. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- D. Angioneurotic edema
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glucocorticoids can exacerbate psychosis, making it a contraindication, unlike the other conditions which they can treat.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has been receiving a drug by the intramuscular route but will receive the drug orally after discharge. How does the nurse explain the increased dosage prescribed for the oral dose?
- A. Passive diffusion
- B. Active transport
- C. Glomerular filtration
- D. First-pass effect
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The first-pass effect involves drugs that are absorbed from the small intestine directly into the portal venous system, which delivers the drug molecules to the liver. After reaching the liver, enzymes break the drug into metabolites, which may become active or may be deactivated and readily excreted from the body. A large percentage of the oral dose is usually destroyed and never reaches tissues. Oral dosages account for the phenomenon to ensure an appropriate amount of the drug in the body to produce a therapeutic action. Passive diffusion is the major process through which drugs are absorbed into the body. Active transport is a process that uses energy to actively move a molecule across a cell membrane and is often involved in drug excretion in the kidney. Glomerular filtration is the passage of water and water-soluble components from the plasma into the renal tubule.
For the treatment of morphine addiction which of the following drug is substituted?
- A. Tramadol
- B. Methadone
- C. Fluoxetine
- D. Dextromethorphan
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Methadone, a long-acting opioid agonist, is commonly substituted for morphine in addiction treatment to reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings.