Nokea
The medical term means pertaining to new birth:____________.
- A. antenatal
- B. neonatal
- C. neonate
- D. newborn
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: neonatal. "Neo-" means new or recent, and "-natal" refers to birth. Therefore, neonatal means pertaining to new birth. Choice A, antenatal, refers to the period before birth. Choice C, neonate, refers to a newborn baby. Choice D, newborn, simply means a recently born baby without specifying the time frame as "neonatal" does.
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Where are sperm produced within a male's testis?
- A. Seminiferous tubules
- B. Ejaculatory duct
- C. Interstitial cells
- D. Rete testis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Seminiferous tubules. Sperm production occurs in the seminiferous tubules of the testis through a process called spermatogenesis. This is where germ cells develop into mature spermatozoa. The other choices are incorrect: B: Ejaculatory duct is where sperm and seminal fluid mix before ejaculation, C: Interstitial cells produce testosterone, and D: Rete testis is a network of tubules where sperm travel after being produced in the seminiferous tubules.
Which of the following is not compatible with penile erection?
- A. parasympathetic stimulation
- B. arterial dilation
- C. venous compression
- D. blood leaves erectile tissue
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: blood leaves erectile tissue. During penile erection, blood flows into the erectile tissue, causing the penis to become erect. Parasympathetic stimulation and arterial dilation are essential for promoting blood flow into the penis, while venous compression helps to trap blood within the erectile tissue, sustaining the erection. However, if blood were to leave the erectile tissue, it would result in a loss of erection. Therefore, choice D is not compatible with penile erection.
A patient asks when she should make an appointment for her first Pap (Papanicolaou) test to screen for cervical cancer. What is the nurse’s most appropriate response?
- A. There is no need for Pap tests until after you have become pregnant.
- B. All women should have the first Pap test after reaching menarche.
- C. All women should have the first Pap test after they are 19 years of age.
- D. All women should have the first Pap test when they become sexually active or at age 21.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The first Pap test should be done when a woman becomes sexually active or at age 21, whichever comes first. This is because cervical cancer is associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is a sexually transmitted infection. Screening at this stage helps detect any abnormalities early on, increasing the chances of successful treatment.
A: Incorrect. Waiting until after pregnancy is not recommended as early detection is crucial in preventing cervical cancer.
B: Incorrect. The age of menarche is not a reliable indicator for when to start screening for cervical cancer.
C: Incorrect. Waiting until 19 may miss early signs of cervical abnormalities that could lead to cancer.
In summary, choice D is the most appropriate response as it aligns with current screening guidelines and focuses on early detection for optimal outcomes.
Which of the following is produced by the trophoblast cells during the first 3 weeks of pregnancy?
- A. Estrogen
- B. Luteinizing hormone
- C. Oxytocin
- D. Human chorionic gonadotropin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). During the first 3 weeks of pregnancy, trophoblast cells produce hCG, which is crucial for maintaining the corpus luteum and ensuring the production of progesterone to support the early pregnancy. hCG is also the hormone detected in pregnancy tests.
Rationale:
A: Estrogen is mainly produced by the ovaries, not trophoblast cells in the early stages of pregnancy.
B: Luteinizing hormone is produced by the pituitary gland to trigger ovulation, not by trophoblast cells.
C: Oxytocin is produced by the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland during labor and breastfeeding, not by trophoblast cells in the early stages of pregnancy.
Which of the following hormone stimulates the development of corpus luteum?
- A. Estrogen
- B. Progesterone
- C. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
- D. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Luteinizing hormone (LH). LH is responsible for stimulating the development of the corpus luteum after ovulation. It triggers the release of the egg from the follicle and promotes the transformation of the follicle into the corpus luteum, which is crucial for the production of progesterone. Estrogen (A) is involved in the development of the follicle, not the corpus luteum. Progesterone (B) is produced by the corpus luteum, not responsible for its development. FSH (D) is primarily involved in stimulating the growth of ovarian follicles, not the formation of the corpus luteum.