Nokea
The medication that best penetrates eschar is:
- A. Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon)
- B. Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)
- C. Neomycin sulfate (Neosporin)
- D. Povidone-iodine (Betadine)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic and best penetrates eschar, making it effective for deep burn wounds. The other medications do not penetrate eschar as effectively.
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A client with a history of chronic kidney disease is admitted with complaints of fatigue. The nurse should give priority to:
- A. Monitoring for anemia
- B. Administering pain medication
- C. Monitoring blood pressure
- D. Administering diuretics
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fatigue in chronic kidney disease often results from anemia due to low erythropoietin, so monitoring for anemia is the priority.
A client with a history of a tonsillectomy is being discharged. The nurse should teach the client to:
- A. Gargle with warm salt water
- B. Avoid cold liquids
- C. Report excessive swallowing
- D. Use a straw for fluids
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Excessive swallowing post-tonsillectomy may indicate bleeding, a serious complication requiring immediate reporting. Gargling, cold liquids, and straws may irritate the surgical site.
The nurse is caring for a client in labor. The fetal heart rate is 80 bpm with moderate variability. The most appropriate initial action by the nurse is to:
- A. Notify the physician
- B. Administer oxygen at 8-10 liters per minute
- C. Reposition the client to her left side
- D. Increase the IV fluid rate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A fetal heart rate of 80 bpm indicates bradycardia possibly due to cord compression or uteroplacental insufficiency. Repositioning the client to her left side improves placental perfusion and is the first action. Oxygen notifying the physician or increasing fluids are secondary.
An 8-year-old boy has been diagnosed with hemophilia. Which of the following diagnostic blood studies is characteristically abnormal in this disorder?
- A. Partial thromboplastin time
- B. Platelet count
- C. Complete blood count
- D. Bleeding time
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Partial thromboplastic time measures activity of thromboplastin, which depends on the intrinsic clotting factors deficient in children who are hemophiliacs. Platelet counts are normal in hemophilia. Hemophilia does not affect the complete blood count. Bleeding times are normal in hemophiliacs. They measure the time interval for the bleeding from small superficial wounds to cease.
The client is admitted with a diagnosis of gestational diabetes. Which fetal monitoring technique is most appropriate?
- A. Non-stress test
- B. Biophysical profile
- C. Both A and B
- D. Neither A nor B
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gestational diabetes increases fetal risks (e.g. macrosomia hypoglycemia) requiring close monitoring. Non-stress tests assess fetal heart rate and biophysical profiles evaluate fetal well-being comprehensively. Both are appropriate.